ArticleDrug delivery and translational research2022
Glycerosomal thermosensitive in situ gel of duloxetine HCl as a novel nanoplatform for rectal delivery: in vitro optimization and in vivo appraisal.
Article in Drug delivery and translational research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quality by design based development and optimization of a thermoreversible in situ intranasal gel of zavegepant for nose to brain delivery in migraine therapy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Innovative Hydrogel Formulation Combining Phycocyanin and Probiotic for Enhancing Skin Regeneration and Accelerated Wound Healing: A Preclinical Investigation in Wistar Rats.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Development and evaluation of an in situ gelling flurbiprofen throat spray for enhanced mucosal drug delivery and throat inflammation treatment.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Potent LeuBAT inhibitors designed in silico as next-generation duloxetine analogs for enhanced major depressive disorder treatment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Rectal In Situ Thermosensitive Gel Loaded with Agomelatine-Silver Nanoparticles: Formulation and Characterization.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Chitosan-Pimelate Buccal Film Loaded with Duloxetine-Modified Sage Lipid Carriers Nanoformulation for Effective Antidepressant Activity in a Rat Model.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Polyol-modified deformable liposomes fortified contact lenses for improved ocular permeability.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Gels as Promising Delivery Systems: Physicochemical Property Characterization and Recent Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Studying In Vitro Drug Permeation Across Mucosal Membranes.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Nose-to-Brain Delivery of Chitosan-Grafted Leciplexes for Promoting the Bioavailability and Antidepressant Efficacy of Mirtazapine: In Vitro Assessment and Animal Studies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Augmented glycerosomes as a promising approach against fungal ear infection: Optimization and microbiological,International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2024Article
- Antifungal and antibiofilm effect of duloxetine hydrochloride against Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii.Folia microbiologica · 2024Article
- pH-Sensitive In Situ Gel of Mirtazapine Invasomes for Rectal Drug Delivery: Protruded Bioavailability and Anti-Depressant Efficacy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Crisaborole-Enthused Glycerosomal Gel for an Augmented Skin Permeation.Recent advances in drug delivery and formulation · 2024Article
- Atorvastatin loaded glycerosomal patch as an effective transdermal drug delivery: optimization and evaluation.Therapeutic delivery · 2024Article
- Utilization of nanotechnology and experimental design in the development and optimization of a posaconazole‒calendula oil nanoemulgel for the treatment of mouth disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Formulation, optimization, in-vivo biodistribution studies and histopathological safety assessment of duloxetine HCl-loaded ultra-elastic nanovesicles for antidepressant effect after intranasal and transdermal delivery.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2023Article
- Fabrication, assessment, and optimization of alendronate sodium nanoemulsion-based injectableDrug delivery · 2023Article
- Fabrication and optimization of phospholipids-based phase separationFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Duloxetine HCl (DXH) is a reuptake inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine used to treat the major depressive disorder. Following its extensive hepatic metabolism, acid-labile nature, and limited aqueous solubility, DXH has poor oral bioavailability (40%). The rectal route has been suggested as another route of administration to surmount such challenges. The present study aimed to prepare DXH-loaded glycerosomal (DXH-GLYS) in situ gel for rectal administration to increase DXH permeability and improve its bioavailability. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was adopted to prepare and optimize nanoglycerosomes. The impact of Phospholipon 90G (PL90G), Tween 80 concentrations, and glycerol percentage on encapsulation efficiency, nanoglycerosomal size, % cumulative DXH released, and the cumulative DXH permeated per unit area after 24 h were studied by the design. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior of optimized formulation was investigated in rats. The formulated DXH-GLYS had a vesicle size ranging between 135.9 and 430.6 nm and an entrapment efficiency between 69.11 and 98.12%. The permeation experiment revealed that the optimized DXH-GLYS in situ gel increased DXH permeation by 2.62-fold compared to DXH solution. Pharmacokinetics studies disclosed that the DXH-GLYS in situ rectal gel exhibited 2.24-times increment in DXH bioavailability relative to oral DXH solution. The pharmacodynamic study revealed that the DXH-GLYS rectal treatment significantly improved the behavioral analysis parameters and was more efficacious as an antidepressant than the oral DXH solution. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that GLYS can be considered a potentially valuable rectal nanocarrier that could boost the DXH efficacy.
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