ArticlePituitary2022
Preoperative differentiation of hypophysitis and pituitary adenomas using a novel clinicoradiologic scoring system.
Article in Pituitary, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune-Mediated Hypophysitis: An Updated Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The Diagnostic Challenge of Hypophysitis vs. Non-Functioning Pituitary Macroadenomas: An Updated Review and Comparative Analysis of Distinguishing Criteria.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A Predictive Score Incorporating Clinical, Radiologic, and Hormonal Parameters to Discriminate Lymphocytic Hypophysitis from Non-Functioning Pituitary Macroadenomas.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Rare Case of Microscopic Polyangitis With Associated Transient Hypophysitis.JCEM case reports · 2025Article
- Characteristics of inflammatory and infectious diseases of the pituitary gland in patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery.Pituitary · 2023Article
- Hypophysitis: Defining Histopathologic Variants and a Review of Emerging Clinical Causative Entities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Comparative Efficacy of AZD9496 and Fulvestrant on the Growth of Pituitary Adenoma via Blocking JAK2/STAT5B Pathway.Journal of Cancer · 2023Article
- Imaging findings of immunoglobin G4-related hypophysitis: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeHypophysitis can clinically and radiologically mimic other nonfunctioning masses of the sella turcica, complicating preoperative diagnosis. While sellar masses may be treated surgically, hypophysitis is often treated medically, so differentiating between them facilitates optimal management. The objective of our study was to develop a scoring system for the preoperative diagnosis of hypophysitis.
methodsA thorough literature review identified published hypophysitis cases, which were compared to a retrospective group of non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFA) from our institution. A preoperative hypophysitis scoring system was developed and internally validated.
resultsFifty-six pathologically confirmed hypophysitis cases were identified in the literature. After excluding individual cases with missing values, 18 hypophysitis cases were compared to an age- and sex-matched control group of 56 NFAs. Diabetes insipidus (DI) (p < 0.001), infundibular thickening (p < 0.001), absence of cavernous sinus invasion (CSI) (p < 0.001), relation to pregnancy (p = 0.002), and absence of visual symptoms (p = 0.007) were significantly associated with hypophysitis. Stepwise logistic regression identified DI and infundibular thickening as positive predictors of hypophysitis. CSI and visual symptoms were negative predictors. A 6-point hypophysitis-risk scoring system was derived: + 2 for DI, + 2 for absence of CSI, + 1 for infundibular thickening, + 1 for absence of visual symptoms. Scores ≥ 3 supported a diagnosis of hypophysitis (AUC 0.96, sensitivity 100%, specificity 75%). The scoring system identified 100% of hypophysitis cases at our institution with an estimated 24.7% false-positive rate.
conclusionsThe proposed scoring system may aid preoperative diagnosis of hypophysitis, preventing unnecessary surgery in these patients.
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