ArticleMarine drugs2022
Balenine, Imidazole Dipeptide Promotes Skeletal Muscle Regeneration by Regulating Phagocytosis Properties of Immune Cells.
Article in Marine drugs, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anserine, Balenine, and Ergothioneine: Impact of Histidine-Containing Compounds on Exercise Performance-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Carnosine ameliorates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy with associated modulation of ubiquitin ligases and oxidative stress in C57BL/6J female mice.Current research in physiology · 2025Article
- Lifespan Extension and Motor Function Improvement Effects of Whale Meat Extract inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Skeletal Muscle Regeneration in Cardiotoxin-Induced Muscle Injury Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Balenine is one of the endogenous imidazole dipeptides derived from marine products. It is composed of beta-alanine and 3-methyl-L-histidine, which exist mainly in the muscles of marine organisms. The physiological functions of dietary balenine are not well-known. In this study, we investigated whether the supplementation of dietary balenine was associated with muscle function in a cardiotoxin-indued muscle degeneration/regeneration model. Through morphological observation, we found that the supplementation of balenine-enriched extract promoted the regeneration stage. In addition, the expression of regeneration-related myogenic marker genes, such as paired box protein 7, MyoD1, myogenin, and Myh3, in a group of mice fed a balenine-enriched extract diet was higher than that in a group fed a normal diet. Moreover, the supplementation of balenine-enriched extract promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines at the degeneration stage. Interestingly, phagocytic activity in the balenine group was significantly higher than that in the control group in vitro. These results suggest that balenine may promote the progress of muscle regeneration by increasing the phagocytic activity of macrophages.
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Registered trials
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