ReviewPediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism2022
Pituitary stalk thickening in patients under 18 years of age - the most common causes and diagnostic procedures.
Review in Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pituitary tuberculosis in the pediatric population: a systematic review and case report.Pituitary · 2025Pooled it
- Diagnosis of Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis After Positive Anti-rabphilin-3A Antibody Test in an 8-year-old Boy with Early-onset Central Diabetes InsipidusJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2025Article
- A 4-year-old Boy Positive for Anti-rabphilin-3A Antibody and Diagnosed With Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis.JCEM case reports · 2025Article
- Treatment and outcome of a boy with lgG4-related hypophysitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 re-infection.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Deficiency of arginine vasopressin in children - diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to improve patients' quality of life based on a 25-year, single-centre retrospective analysis.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2024Article
- Incidence and Predictors for Oncologic Etiologies in Chinese Children with Pituitary Stalk Thickening.Cancers · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPituitary stalk thickening (PST) is a rare abnormality in children, and it may be challenging due to its diverse clinical picture. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study is to summarize the data on the causes and diagnostic procedures of PST. MATERIAL AND
methodsPapers were searched in the PubMed database identifying published randomized clinical trials, reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and case reports.
resultsThe most common causes of a thickened pituitary stalk in children are germ cell tumours (GCTs), Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), and lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis (LINH). Neurosarcoidosis, pituitary tuberculosis, granulomatosis, or specific inflammations were only reported in the paediatric population as case studies. PST mainly affects teenagers and is often detected with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with central diabetes insipidus (CDI). It is not possible to differentiate the causes of PST with the use of the MRI image alone. Although various biochemical and oncological markers and other imaging tests are used, the diagnosis of PST remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians. The final diagnosis is made based on histopathological examination. The indications for a biopsy are not uniform. Most experts, including the authors of the 2021 British consensus, recommend biopsy in the case of PST with a stalk lesion diameter ≥ 6.5-7 mm.
conclusionsThe differential diagnosis of PST is a challenge. The diagnostic and treatment strategy should be individually adapted. Patients should be diagnosed in large clinical centres with experience in this field.
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