ReviewCurrent research in pharmacology and drug discovery2022
Evaluation of synergism in drug combinations and reference models for future orientations in oncology.
Review in Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 170 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
170 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 279 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sweet and sour synergy: exploring the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of acetic acid and vinegar combined with medical-grade honeys.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Inhibitors of GapN-dependent NADPH supply as potential lead compounds for novel therapeutics againstVirulence · 2026Article
- Enhanced survival through repeated photodynamic therapy and almost complete tumor regression by prior radiation therapy in an orthotopic rat bladder cancer model.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Antitumor Activity of Combined Topoisomerase Inhibition and FLASH Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Carcinoma Biomodels.MedComm · 2026Article
- From cell lines to PDXs: in vivo confirmation of synergistic drug responses identified in leukemia cell line models.Blood neoplasia · 2026Article
- A combination of artemisinin, moxidectin, and doxorubicin drugs can selectively and efficiently induce apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic and chronic myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and ex vivo.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Discovery of a peripherally restricted αCell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Lessons From Drug Discovery for Cryoprotective Agent Design: An AI-Oriented Perspective.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Nano-silymarin combined with methylene blue photodynamic therapy versus monotherapies of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: in-vitro study.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Engineering the Host Defense Peptide from Scorpion Venom for Safer and More Potent Antibreast Cancer Activity.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Exploring Mechanistic Targets ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- 6-methylflavone exerts selective antimycobacterial activity with membrane energetics disruption and demonstrates therapeutic potential againstMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Pro-Synergistic Interaction of Farnesene and Daunorubicin Enhances Apoptotic Vulnerability in U87MG Glioblastoma Cells.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Host-Pathogen Dual Targeting With Repurposed Drugs Identifies a Synergistic Therapy for Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Cancer Evolvability Determines Therapy Outcomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Use of Piperidinium Surfactants in Nematicide Formulations.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Genistein and Butein as Bioactive Polyphenols: Molecular Targets, Metabolic Regulation, and Mechanistic Insights.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Therapeutic potential of BH3-mimetics and NK cell-mediated immunotherapy in T-ALL.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Sequential treatment with ruxolitinib and imetelstat effectively depletes myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.Leukemia · 2026Article
110 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Current cancer therapy includes a variety of strategies that can comprise only one type of treatment or a combination of multiple treatments. Chemotherapy is still the gold standard for cancer therapy, though sometimes associated with undesired side effects and the development of drug resistance. For this reason, drug combination is an approach that has been proposed to overcome the problems related to monotherapy and several studies have already demonstrated the superiority of combined therapies compared to monotherapy. The main goal when designing and evaluating drug combinations is to achieve synergistic effects by demonstrating that the combined effects are greatly superior to the expected from the additive effects of the single drugs, allowing for dosage reduction and therefore decreasing toxicity. Nevertheless, synergism quantification is not a simple task due to the different definitions of additivity and over the years several reference models have been proposed based on different assumptions and with different mathematical frameworks. In this review, we begin to cover the available treatment options for cancer therapy, with emphasis on the importance of drug combinations in cancer therapy. We next describe the classical reference models that have been proposed for synergism evaluation, usually classified as effect-based and dose-effect based methods, with a brief analysis of the current limitations of these models. We also describe here the novel methods for the accurate quantification of drug interactions in combined treatments. At the end of this manuscript, we covered some of the most recent preclinical and clinical combination studies that reflect the importance of the appropriate, accurate and precise application of the concepts and methodologies here described for the evaluation of synergism.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.