ReviewWorld journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery2022
Carotid artery injury in endoscopic endonasal surgery: Risk factors, prevention, and management.
Review in World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of stereotactic radiosurgery for pituitary metastases.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2024).World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026Article
- Management of Major Arterial Injuries: A Critical Complication of Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery.Operative neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.) · 2025Article
- A Successful Control of the Intraoperative Bleeding from McConnell's Artery during Fully Endoscopic Resection of Planum Sphenoidale Meningioma Using Bone Chip and Bioglue : A Case Report.Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society · 2025Article
- Anatomical Variations in Nasal Cavities and Paranasal Sinuses on Computed Tomography in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2025Article
- Direct carotid-cavernous fistula after functional endoscopic sinus surgery - A case report.International journal of surgery case reports · 2024Article
- Endoscopic Repair of Internal Carotid Artery Injury with a Lateral Tongue Muscle Patch Graft: Novel Technique and Literature Review.Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base · 2024Article
- What to report in sellar tumor MRI? A nationwide survey among German pituitary surgeons, radiation oncologists, and endocrinologists.Neuroradiology · 2023Article
- Incidence, risk factors, management and prevention of severe postoperative epistaxis after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: a single center experience.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
- Internal Carotid Injury during Skull Base Surgery-Case Report and a Review of the Literature.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Carotid artery injury in endoscopic endonasal surgery: Risk factors, prevention, and management.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Endoscopic approaches for sinus and skull base surgery are increasing in popularity. The objective of this narrative review is to characterize risk factors for internal carotid artery injury in endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES), highlight preventative measures, and illustrate key management principles. Data Sources: Comprehensive literature review. Methods: Relevant literature was reviewed using PubMed/MEDLINE. Results: Carotid artery injury in EES is rare, with most studies reporting an incidence below 0.1%. Anatomic aberrancies, wide dissection margins, as well as specific provider and hospital factors, may increase the risk of injury. Multidisciplinary teams, comprehensive preoperative imaging, patient risk assessment, and formal training in vascular emergencies may reduce the risk. Management protocols should emphasize proper visualization of the injury site, fluid replacement, rapid packing, angiography, and endovascular techniques to achieve hemostasis. Conclusions: While EES is a relatively safe procedure, carotid artery injury is a devastating complication that warrants full consideration in surgical planning. Important preventative measures include identifying patients with notable risk factors and obtaining preoperative imaging. Multidisciplinary teams and management protocols are ultimately necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Registered trials
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