ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Clinical Significance of a CD3/CD8-Based Immunoscore in Neuroblastoma Patients Using Digital Pathology.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ferroptosis-associated immune modulation enhances temozolomide efficacy in experimental glioblastoma: potential implications for T-cell infiltration and tumour microenvironment dynamics.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of BMI, prognostic nutritional index, and CRP in patients with lymphoma after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Article
- Advances in multi-omics research on neuroblastoma.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Interplay Between the Epigenome, the Microenvironment, and the Immune System in Neuroblastoma.Cancers · 2025Review
- Terminally exhausted CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- CD20Heliyon · 2024Article
- GM-CSF, G-CSF or no cytokine therapy with anti-GD2 immunotherapy for high-risk neuroblastoma.International journal of cancer · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Infiltrating immune cells have been reported as prognostic markers in many cancer types. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, namely CD3+ T cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and memory T cells (CD45RO+), in neuroblastoma. Patients and Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of CD3, CD8 and CD45RO in the tumor samples of 244 neuroblastoma patients. We then used digital pathology to calculate the densities of these markers and derived an immunoscore based on such densities. Results: Densities of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells in tumor were positively associated with the overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS), whereas density of CD45RO+ T cells in tumor was negatively associated with OS but not EFS. An immunoscore with low density of CD3 and CD8 (CD3-CD8-) was indictive of a greater risk of death (hazard ratio 6.39, 95% confidence interval 3.09-13.20) and any event (i.e., relapse at any site, progressive disease, second malignancy, or death) (hazard ratio 4.65, 95% confidence interval 2.73-7.93). Multivariable analysis revealed that the CD3-CD8- immunoscore was an independent prognostic indicator for OS, even after adjusting for other known prognostic indicators. Conclusions: The new immunoscore based on digital pathology evaluated densities of tumor-infiltrating CD3+ and CD8+ T cells contributes to the prediction of prognosis in neuroblastoma patients.
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