ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2022
Simple tuberculosis screening tool using signs, symptoms, and risk factors to reduce the missed opportunity in the older population.
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of the Tuberculosis Diabetes Mellitus-Predictive Tool (TBDM-PT) in primary care.Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia · 2025Article
- Predictors contributing to the estimation of pulmonary tuberculosis among adults in a resource-limited setting: A systematic review of diagnostic predictions.SAGE open medicine · 2024Review
- Healthcare workers' acceptance of the integrated tuberculosis-COVID-19 screening in central Java Private Hospitals, Indonesia.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2023Article
- Communication Ecology Model of Successful Aging in Indonesian Context.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is a growing concern on how to increase tuberculosis (TB) case detection in resource-poor settings. The healthcare facilities routinely providing services to the elderly for chronic diseases often failed to detect TB cases, causing a missed opportunity. This study aimed to develop a simple and sensitive screening tool using signs, symptoms, and risk factors for TB case detection in the elderly.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted from August to December 2020. A random sample of 302 subjects was taken from the elderly aged ≥ 60 years attending the outpatient polyclinic at Mangunharjo hospital, Madiun, East Java, Indonesia, for a chronic disease problem. The test was developed using 16 TB signs, symptoms, and risk factors. Test performance was assessed by comparing it against the GeneXpert MTB/RIF.
resultsMarginal analysis resulted in the optimal cut-point of ≥ 7 for the test, which gave an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.62, with the maximum marginal AUC of 0.04 (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity were 60.26% and 64.29%, meaning 60 TB cases for every 100 elderly with TB would be otherwise left undetected if this screening test did not take place.
conclusionA simple TB screening tool with moderate sensitivity and AUC has been developed using TB signs, symptoms, and risk factors. It can be used as an initial step of the systematic TB screening in the elderly visiting healthcare facilities for routine chronic disease examination, with the additional utility of reducing the missed opportunity.
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