Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35617989›Full record

ArticleThe Lancet. Oncology2022

Vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 breakthrough infections in patients with cancer (UKCCEP): a population-based test-negative case-control study.

Lennard Y W Lee, Thomas Starkey, Maria C Ionescu, Martin Little, Michael Tilby, Arvind R Tripathy, Hayley S Mckenzie, Youssra Al-Hajji, Matthew Barnard, Liza Benny and 34 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Lancet. Oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
9.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Vaccination of Adults With Cancer: ASCO Guideline.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024
    Guideline
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

44 authors at 20 institutions in 1 country.

Lennard Y W LeeDepartment of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. Electronic address: lennard.lee@oncology.ox.ac.uk.
Thomas StarkeyInstitute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Maria C IonescuUK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Martin LittleDepartment of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Michael TilbyDepartment of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Arvind R TripathyDepartment of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Hayley S MckenzieOncology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Youssra Al-HajjiBirmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Matthew BarnardUK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Liza BennyUK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Alexander BurnettNHS England, London, UK; NHS Improvement, London, UK.
Emma L CattellDepartment of Cancer, Taunton and Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, Taunton, UK.
Jackie CharmanNational Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, London, UK.
James J ClarkDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Sam KhanLeicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Qamar GhafoorDepartment of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
George IllsleyUK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Catherine Harper-WynneKent Oncology Centre, University of Kent and Kent and Medway Medical School, Maidstone, UK.
Rosie J HattersleyDepartment of Oncology, Torbay Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, UK.
Alvin J X LeeUCL Cancer Institute, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust and University College London, London, UK.
Pauline C LeonardCancer Services, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Romford, UK.
Justin K H LiuLeeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
NCRI Consumer Forum
Matthew PangDepartment of Health and Social Care, London, UK.
Jennifer S PascoeDepartment of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
James R PlattLeeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Vanessa A PotterDepartment of Oncology, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK.
Amelia RandleRoyal College of Physicians, London, UK.
Anne S RiggDepartment of Oncology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Tim M RobinsonPopulation Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Tom W RoquesCancer Services, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK.
René L RouxDepartment of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Stefan RozmanowskiDepartment of Health and Social Care, London, UK.
Mark H TuthillDepartment of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Isabella WattsDepartment of Academic Oncology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
Sarah WilliamsDepartment of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Tim IvesonCancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Siow Ming LeeUCL Cancer Institute, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust and University College London, London, UK; CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust and University College London, London, UK.
Gary MiddletonInstitute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Mark MiddletonDepartment of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Andrew ProtheroeDepartment of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Matthew W FittallCancer Services, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Tom FowlerUK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Peter JohnsonNHS England, London, UK; Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust · GBUK Health Security Agency · GBDepartment of Health and Social Care · GBOxford University Hospitals NHS Trust · GBUniversity of Leeds · GBRoyal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust · GBThe Royal Free Hospital · GBUniversity Hospital Coventry · GBUniversity of Birmingham · GBBarking, Havering And Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust · GBCancer Research UK · GBGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust · GBHealthcare Quality Improvement Partnership · GBImperial College London · GBMedway School of Pharmacy · GBNHS Digital · GBRoyal College of Physicians · GBTaunton & Somerset NHS Foundation Trust · GBTorbay Hospital · GBUniversity College Hospital · GB

Funding

Cancer Research UK 28990Department of Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople with cancer are at increased risk of hospitalisation and death following infection with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we aimed to conduct one of the first evaluations of vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with cancer at a population level.

methodsIn this population-based test-negative case-control study of the UK Coronavirus Cancer Evaluation Project (UKCCEP), we extracted data from the UKCCEP registry on all SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results (from the Second Generation Surveillance System), vaccination records (from the National Immunisation Management Service), patient demographics, and cancer records from England, UK, from Dec 8, 2020, to Oct 15, 2021. Adults (aged ≥18 years) with cancer in the UKCCEP registry were identified via Public Health England's Rapid Cancer Registration Dataset between Jan 1, 2018, and April 30, 2021, and comprised the cancer cohort. We constructed a control population cohort from adults with PCR tests in the UKCCEP registry who were not contained within the Rapid Cancer Registration Dataset. The coprimary endpoints were overall vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough infections after the second dose (positive PCR COVID-19 test) and vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough infections at 3-6 months after the second dose in the cancer cohort and control population.

findingsThe cancer cohort comprised 377 194 individuals, of whom 42 882 had breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections. The control population consisted of 28 010 955 individuals, of whom 5 748 708 had SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. Overall vaccine effectiveness was 69·8% (95% CI 69·8-69·9) in the control population and 65·5% (65·1-65·9) in the cancer cohort. Vaccine effectiveness at 3-6 months was lower in the cancer cohort (47·0%, 46·3-47·6) than in the control population (61·4%, 61·4-61·5).

interpretationCOVID-19 vaccination is effective for individuals with cancer, conferring varying levels of protection against breakthrough infections. However, vaccine effectiveness is lower in patients with cancer than in the general population. COVID-19 vaccination for patients with cancer should be used in conjunction with non-pharmacological strategies and community-based antiviral treatment programmes to reduce the risk that COVID-19 poses to patients with cancer.

fundingUniversity of Oxford, University of Southampton, University of Birmingham, Department of Health and Social Care, and Blood Cancer UK.

Indexed as

COVID-19NeoplasmsViral VaccinesAdolescentAdultBreakthrough InfectionsCase-Control StudiesCOVID-19 VaccinesHumansSARS-CoV-2Vaccine EfficacyCOVID-19 VaccinesViral Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID35617989
PMCPMC9126559
OpenAlexW4281399377

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.