ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2022
The effect of day-long mask wearing on non-invasive break-up time.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mask-associated dry eye disease following short-term facemask wear with or without nasal bridge taping among health workers at a Nigerian tertiary care facility: a cross-over randomized clinical trial.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Investigating Mask-Associated Dry Eye and Contributing Factors in Healthcare Providers.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Post-COVID-19 dry eye negatively impacts the patient's quality of life.Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia · 2024Article
- The effects of facial mask use on ocular surface parameters and tear film cytokine profile in prolonged use.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
- The ocular symptoms and signs during the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2022Article
- The effect of COVID-19 pandemic and wearing face masks on ophthalmology practice: What is known so far? A narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Alterations in tear film and wavefront parameters associated with different types of disposable surgical masks in healthcare personnel during working hours: a randomized trial.Therapeutic advances in ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to investigate the effect of day-long face mask wearing on non-invasive tear break-up time (NI-BUT) in health care staff due to working schedules.
methodsSeventy-four right eyes of 74 participants were included in the study. Participants completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, and NI-BUT measurements were performed between 08.30-09.00 and 16.30-17.00 h. Participants with an initial NI-BUT measurement below 17 s were classified as group-1, and those over 17 s were classified as group-2. NI-BUT changes during the day and correlation to age, gender, and OSDI results were evaluated.
resultsThirty-eight women and 36 men, with a mean age of 30.9 ± 8.5 years, were included in the study. The mean OSDI score of the participants was 28.6 ± 17.1. NI-BUT means of group-1 at baseline and 8th hour were 11.4 ± 3.3 and 7.9 ± 3.6 s, respectively, and the mean NI-BUT at the 8th hour was statistically significantly lower than the baseline (p < 0.0001). Also, 24.2% (8 people) of those in group-2 had the 8th-hour NI-BUT value fallen into the measurable range (below 17 s). No significant correlation was found between the decrease in NI-BUT value and age, gender, and OSDI (p = 0.08, p = 0.3, and p = 0.2, respectively).
conclusionThe use of face masks throughout the day leads to a significant reduction in NI-BUT, regardless of age, gender, and OSDI score. Prolonged use of face masks should be considered as a risk factor for evaporative dry eye disease.
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Registered trials
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