ArticleBMC public health2022
How education and racial segregation intersect in neighborhoods with persistently low COVID-19 vaccination rates in Philadelphia.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Difference-Makers for Robust Implementation of a Nursing Home Advance Care Planning Embedded Pragmatic Clinical Trial.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Trial
- The difference-making role of staff support in implementing nurse care management for opioid use disorder treatment: A configurational analysis.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Trial
- How local prevention efforts and state regulations intersect to reduce fatal shootings: a configurational analysis of firearm policies in the United States.Journal of public health policy · 2026Article
- Community organization capacity and barriers to mental health promotion efforts: a configurational analysis.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Difference-making factors in implementing a quality improvement program for sleep apnea in stroke/TIA patients.Implementation science communications · 2026Article
- How segregation, low birth weight, unemployment, and violence link to low life expectancy in Chicago.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- Difference-Making Factors Linked to Higher Reach of Specialist Palliative Care Among People With Heart Failure Across a National Sample of VA Medical Centers.The American journal of hospice & palliative care · 2025Article
- Spatial inequities in COVID-19 vaccination in Philadelphia by race and income.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Factors associated with timely COVID-19 vaccination in a population-based cohort of patients with cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- Social Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccination Rates: A Time-Constrained Multiple Mediation Analysis.Cureus · 2023Article
- Pandemic distress associated with segregation and social stressors.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- The role of secondary traumatic stress breakthrough champions in reducing worker trauma and improving organizational health using a configurational analysis approach.Implementation research and practiceArticle
- Go-Along Virtual INTERview (GVIv): A Novel Nurse-Led Qualitative Method for Exploring Neighborhood Lived Experience and Health.Global qualitative nursing researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 infection has disproportionately affected socially disadvantaged neighborhoods. Despite this disproportionate burden of infection, these neighborhoods have also lagged in COVID-19 vaccinations. To date, we have little understanding of the ways that various types of social conditions intersect to explain the complex causes of lower COVID-19 vaccination rates in neighborhoods.
methodsWe used configurational comparative methods (CCMs) to study COVID-19 vaccination rates in Philadelphia by neighborhood (proxied by zip code tabulation areas). Specifically, we identified neighborhoods where COVID-19 vaccination rates (per 10,000) were persistently low from March 2021 - May 2021. We then assessed how different combinations of social conditions (pathways) uniquely distinguished neighborhoods with persistently low vaccination rates from the other neighborhoods in the city. Social conditions included measures of economic inequities, racial segregation, education, overcrowding, service employment, public transit use, health insurance and limited English proficiency.
resultsTwo factors consistently distinguished neighborhoods with persistently low COVID-19 vaccination rates from the others: college education and concentrated racial privilege. Two factor values together - low college education AND low/medium concentrated racial privilege - identified persistently low COVID-19 vaccination rates in neighborhoods, with high consistency (0.92) and high coverage (0.86). Different values for education and concentrated racial privilege - medium/high college education OR high concentrated racial privilege - were each sufficient by themselves to explain neighborhoods where COVID-19 vaccination rates were not persistently low, likewise with high consistency (0.93) and high coverage (0.97).
conclusionsPairing CCMs with geospatial mapping can help identify complex relationships between social conditions linked to low COVID-19 vaccination rates. Understanding how neighborhood conditions combine to create inequities in communities could inform the design of interventions tailored to address COVID-19 vaccination disparities.
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