Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35613933›Full record

ArticleNeurology2022

Differences in Multiple Risk Factors Between Black and White Individuals With Young-Onset Ischemic Stroke.

Prachi Mehndiratta, Kathleen A Ryan, Carolyn Cronin, Marcella Wozniak, John W Cole, Seemant Chaturvedi, Michael S Phipps, Patrick McArdle, Steven Kittner

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Association Between Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Polymorphisms and Ischemic Stroke Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
    Pooled it
  2. Allostatic Load and Healthcare Access Among Stroke Survivors.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026
    Article
  3. Observational
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Prachi MehndirattaFrom the Department of Neurology (P. Mehndiratta, C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (K.A.R., P. McArdle); and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.), Baltimore, MD. pmehndiratta@som.umaryland.edu.
Kathleen A RyanFrom the Department of Neurology (P. Mehndiratta, C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (K.A.R., P. McArdle); and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.), Baltimore, MD.
Carolyn CroninFrom the Department of Neurology (P. Mehndiratta, C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (K.A.R., P. McArdle); and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.), Baltimore, MD.
Marcella WozniakFrom the Department of Neurology (P. Mehndiratta, C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (K.A.R., P. McArdle); and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.), Baltimore, MD.
John W ColeFrom the Department of Neurology (P. Mehndiratta, C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (K.A.R., P. McArdle); and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.), Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-9263-8930
Seemant ChaturvediFrom the Department of Neurology (P. Mehndiratta, C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (K.A.R., P. McArdle); and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.), Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-8660-7644
Michael S PhippsFrom the Department of Neurology (P. Mehndiratta, C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (K.A.R., P. McArdle); and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.), Baltimore, MD.
Patrick McArdleFrom the Department of Neurology (P. Mehndiratta, C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (K.A.R., P. McArdle); and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.), Baltimore, MD.
Steven KittnerFrom the Department of Neurology (P. Mehndiratta, C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (K.A.R., P. McArdle); and VA Maryland Health Care System (C.C., M.W., J.W.C., S.C., M.S.P., S.K.), Baltimore, MD.
University of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Genetics of ischemic stroke in the SiGN ConsortiumR01NS100178 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI KITTNER, STEVEN J, MITCHELL, BRAXTON D · 2017 to 2021
$3.0M
Genetics of Early-Onset Ischemic Stroke ConsortiumR01NS105150 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI KITTNER, STEVEN J, MITCHELL, BRAXTON D · 2018 to 2022
$3.0M
CNV And Stroke (CaNVAS)R01NS114045 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI COLE, JOHN W. · 2020 to 2024
$2.6M
BLRD VA I01 BX004672NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS100178NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS105150NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS114045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesStroke in young adults constitutes 15%-18% of all ischemic stroke cases. Black individuals have an excess risk of ischemic stroke especially in young adults. Although it is known that Black patients have a higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, few studies have addressed the association of concurrent multiple vascular risk factors with the excess risk of early-onset stroke among Black individuals.

methodsA population-based case-control study of early-onset ischemic stroke, ages 15-49 years, was conducted in the Baltimore-Washington DC region between 1992 and 2007. Presence of the risk factors of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and current smoking were obtained from both cases and controls by an in-person interview. Risk factor groups were defined as (1) 1 risk factor, (2) 2 risk factors, (3) 3 risk factors, and (4) 4 risk factors. Logistic regression analysis adjusting for age and sex was used to evaluate the association between each risk factor group and ischemic stroke compared with the reference group with no risk factors.

resultsThe study included 1,034 cases and 1,091 controls. Of the cases, 47% were Black, 54% were men, and the mean (±SD) age was 41.0 (±6.9) years. The odds of having a stroke increased exponentially as the number of risk factors increased, 2.1, 2.6, 7.6, 16.5, all DISCUSSION: The risk of stroke in young adults increased exponentially with the number of risk factors. Young Black patients with ischemic stroke were approximately 6 times more likely to have the co-occurrence of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking compared with their White counterparts. Targeting public health interventions to identify and improve care to Black young adults with multiple stroke risk factors may have substantial impact on lowering risk of stroke.

Indexed as

Brain IschemiaDiabetes MellitusHypertensionIschemic StrokeStrokeAdolescentAdultCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedObesityYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID35613933
PMCPMC9442621
OpenAlexW4281561998

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.