ArticleEndocrine2022
High glucose induces an early and transient cytoprotective autophagy in retinal Müller cells.
Article in Endocrine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitophagy in ophthalmic pathologies: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Medicine · 2026Review
- Neuroprotective effects ofFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Resveratrol ameliorates early retinal neurodegeneration in diabetic retinopathy via microRNA-29b/specificity protein 1/apoptosis pathway by enhancing autophagy.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Article
- Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Neuronal Degeneration in Early-Stage Diabetic Retinopathy.Current vascular pharmacology · 2024Review
- Autophagy in the retinal neurovascular unit: New perspectives into diabetic retinopathy.Journal of diabetes · 2023Review
- Antitumoral effects of Bortezomib in malignant mesothelioma: evidence of mild endoplasmic reticulum stress in vitro and activation of T cell response in vivo.Biology direct · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeWe investigated the autophagic response of rat Müller rMC-1 cells during a short-term high glucose challenge.
methodsrMC-1 cells were maintained in 5 mM glucose (LG) or exposed to 25 mM glucose (HG). Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the expression levels of markers of autophagy (LC3-II, p62) and glial activation (AQP4), as well as the activation of TRAF2/JNK, ERK and AKT pathways. Autophagic flux assessment was performed using the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry using dichlorofluorescein diacetate. ERK involvement in autophagy induction was addressed using the ERK inhibitor FR180204. The effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability was evaluated by SRB assay.
resultsActivation of autophagy was observed in the first 2-6 h of HG exposure. This early autophagic response was transient, not accompanied by an increase in AQP4 or in the phospho-activation of JNK, a key mediator of cellular response to oxidative stress, and required ERK activity. Cells exposed to HG had a lower viability upon autophagy inhibition by chloroquine, as compared to those maintained in LG.
conclusionA short-term HG challenge triggers in rMC-1 cells a process improving the ability to cope with stressful conditions, which involves ERK and an early and transient autophagy activation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.