ArticleContact dermatitis2022
Disperse azo dyes, arylamines and halogenated dinitrobenzene compounds in synthetic garments on the Swedish market.
Article in Contact dermatitis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantifying Ultra-Low Pigment Solubilities by UV-Vis Spectroscopy: Implications for Toxicological Assessment.ACS measurement science au · 2026Article
- Occurrence and Washout of Health-Hazardous Chemicals in Children's Clothing.Contact dermatitis · 2026Article
- Automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for screening of hazardous chemicals in cotton and cotton blend garments-analytical challenges.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Solvent-free automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for direct screening of hazardous compounds in consumer textiles.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Exclusion of Disperse Orange 3 is possible from the textile dye mix present in the Swedish baseline patch test series. A study by the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group.Contact dermatitis · 2023Article
- Corrigendum.Contact dermatitis · 2022Article
- Disperse azo dyes, arylamines and halogenated dinitrobenzene compounds in synthetic garments on the Swedish market.Contact dermatitis · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrigendum.2022
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAzobenzene disperse dyes (azo DDs) are well-known as textile allergens, but the knowledge of their occurrence in garments is low. The numerous azo DDs and dye components found in textiles constitute a potential health risk, but only seven azo DDs are included in the European baseline patch test series (EBS).
objectivesTo investigate non-regulated azo DDs and dye components in synthetic garments on the Swedish market.
methodsHigh-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and computerized data mining.
resultsSixty-two azo DDs were detected, with Disperse Red 167:1 occurring in 67%, and 14 other DDs each found in >20% of the garments. Notably, the EBS dyes were less common, three even not detected, while arylamines were frequently detected and exceeded 1 mg/g in several garments. Also, halogenated dinitrobenzenes were identified in 25% of the textiles.
conclusionAzo DDs and dye components, in complex compositions and with large variations, occurred frequently in the synthetic garments. The arylamines were shown to occur at much higher levels compared to the azo DDs, suggesting the former constitute a potentially higher health risk. The role of arylamines and halogenated dinitrobenzenes in textile allergy has to be further investigated.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.