Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35611346›Full record

ReviewOpen forum infectious diseases2022

A Systematic Review of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Efficacy and Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Disease.

Melissa M Higdon, Brian Wahl, Carli B Jones, Joseph G Rosen, Shaun A Truelove, Anurima Baidya, Anjalika A Nande, Parisa A ShamaeiZadeh, Karoline K Walter, Daniel R Feikin and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Open forum infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
10.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Trial
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Observational
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Melissa M HigdonDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Brian WahlDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Carli B JonesDepartment of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Joseph G RosenDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Shaun A TrueloveDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Anurima BaidyaInternational Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Anjalika A NandeInstitute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Parisa A ShamaeiZadehInternational Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Karoline K WalterInternational Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Daniel R FeikinDepartment of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Minal K PatelDepartment of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Maria Deloria KnollDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Alison L HillInstitute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6583-3623
Johns Hopkins University · USWorld Health Organization · CH

Funding

Quantification and prediction of treatment efficacy for HIV cure strategiesDP5OD019851 · OD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI HILL, ALISON LYNN · 2014 to 2018
$2.1M
Viral Load Trajectories and Dynamics among People Living with HIV in Rakai, Uganda: A Mixed-Methods StudyF31MH126796 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ROSEN, JOSEPH GREGORY · 2021 to 2022
$79k
NIH HHS DP5 OD019851World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Billions of doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been administered globally, dramatically reducing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) incidence and severity in some settings. Many studies suggest vaccines provide a high degree of protection against infection and disease, but precise estimates vary and studies differ in design, outcomes measured, dosing regime, location, and circulating virus strains. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of COVID-19 vaccines through February 2022. We included efficacy data from Phase 3 clinical trials for 15 vaccines undergoing World Health Organization Emergency Use Listing evaluation and real-world effectiveness for 8 vaccines with observational studies meeting inclusion criteria. Vaccine metrics collected include protection against asymptomatic infection, any infection, symptomatic COVID-19, and severe outcomes including hospitalization and death, for partial or complete vaccination, and against variants of concern Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. We additionally review the epidemiological principles behind the design and interpretation of vaccine efficacy and effectiveness studies, including important sources of heterogeneity.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2systematic reviewvaccine effectivenessvaccine efficacy

Identifiers

PMID35611346
PMCPMC9047227
OpenAlexW4225425407

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.