ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2022
Low serum apelin levels are associated with mild cognitive impairment in Type 2 diabetic patients.
Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship between acute glucose variability and cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXXI. Apelin receptor pharmacology in the human cardiovascular system and emerging clinical applications.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Research Progress on Pathology, Molecular Mechanisms, and Intervention Strategies of Cognitive Dysfunction Associated with Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- The Apelinergic System in Kidney Disease: Novel Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Inflammation-Insulin Resistance Crosstalk and the Central Role of Myokines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Adipokines in the Crosstalk between Adipose Tissues and Other Organs: Implications in Cardiometabolic Diseases.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Neuroprotective effect of apelin-13 and other apelin forms-a review.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundApelin is a new adipokine that is secreted by adipocytes, and is associated with insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and obesity. This study was designed to investigate the role of apelin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
methodsA total of 235 patients with T2DM were included. The cognitive function of patients was evaluated using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool, then patients were divided into MCI group and non-MCI group according to the MoCA score. Blood sample was analyzed for the level of apelin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
resultsThe MCI group (n = 73) presented lower serum apelin levels compared with the patients with normal cognitive function (P < 0.001). Apelin levels showed significantly negative correlation with diabetes duration, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, creatinine and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and positive correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that serum apelin (OR = 0.304, 95%CI: 0.104-0.886, P = 0.029), as well as education levels, diabetes duration, cardiovascular disease, serum HbA1c, HDL-C, creatinine, and BDNF, were independent risk factors of MCI in patients with T2DM.
conclusionsSerum apelin level is reduced in T2DM patients with MCI. Apelin might has protective effect against cognitive impairment and serve as a serum biomarker of T2DM.
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