ArticleParasites & vectors2022
Protein profiling of hemolymph in Haemaphysalis flava ticks.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted protein degradation: species, diseases and efficient utilization.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Water homeostasis and extracellular fluid dynamics reveal imidacloprid disruption and rutin mitigation in honey bees.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Feeding on different hosts displays different hemolymph protein compositions in Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis tick.Experimental & applied acarology · 2025Article
- Dissection and internal anatomy of the giant tropical bont tick Amblyomma variegatum.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2025Article
- Molecular cloning, identification, transcriptional analysis, and silencing of enolase on the life cycle of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari, Ixodidae) tick.Parasites, hosts and diseases · 2024Article
- Tissue-specific localization of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from camels in Kenya: insights into vector competence.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Key molecules regulating the blood meals ofVeterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2024Article
- What are the main proteins in the hemolymphFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Transcriptome analysis of Haemaphysalis flava female using Illumina HiSeq 4000 sequencing: de novo assembly, functional annotation and discovery of SSR markers.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles from tick hemolymph and uptake of extracellular vesicles by salivary glands and ovary cells.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
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6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundTick hemolymph bathes internal organs, acts as an exchange medium for nutrients and cellular metabolites, and offers protection against pathogens. Hemolymph is abundant in proteins. However, there has been limited integrated protein analysis in tick hemolymph thus far. Moreover, there are difficulties in differentiating tick-derived proteins from the host source. The aim of this study was to profile the tick/host protein components in the hemolymph of Haemaphysalis flava.
methodsHemolymph from adult engorged H. flava females was collected by leg amputation from the Erinaceus europaeus host. Hemolymph proteins were extracted by a filter-aided sample preparation protocol, digested by trypsin, and assayed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). MS raw data were searched against the UniProt Erinaceidae database and H. flava protein database for host- and tick-derived protein identification. Protein abundance was further quantified by intensity-based absolute quantification (iBAQ).
resultsProteins extracted from hemolymph unevenly varied in size with intense bands between 100 and 130 kDa. In total, 312 proteins were identified in the present study. Therein 40 proteins were identified to be host-derived proteins, of which 18 were high-confidence proteins. Top 10 abundant host-derived proteins included hemoglobin subunit-α and subunit-β, albumin, serotransferrin-like, ubiquitin-like, haptoglobin, α-1-antitrypsin-like protein, histone H2B, apolipoprotein A-I, and C3-β. In contrast, 169 were high-confidence tick-derived proteins. These proteins were classified into six categories based on reported functions in ticks, i.e., enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, transporters, immune-related proteins, muscle proteins, and heat shock proteins. The abundance of Vg, microplusin and α-2-macroglobulin was the highest among tick-derived proteins as indicated by iBAQ.
conclusionsNumerous tick- and host-derived proteins were identified in hemolymph. The protein profile of H. flava hemolymph revealed a sophisticated protein system in the physiological processes of anticoagulation, digestion of blood meal, and innate immunity. More investigations are needed to characterize tick-derived proteins in hemolymph.
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