ArticleMedicine, health care, and philosophy2022
The ethical anatomy of payment for research participants.
Article in Medicine, health care, and philosophy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A worldwide itinerary of research ethics in science for a better social responsibility and justice: a bibliometric analysis and review.Frontiers in research metrics and analytics · 2025Pooled it
- Love, Labour, and Wages: Should Society Pay Parents?Journal of bioethical inquiry · 2026Article
- Trauma and Violence Informed Research and Evaluation: A Perspective Paper for Mental Health Nursing.International journal of mental health nursing · 2026Article
- Motivations and experiences in controlled human infection trials vs. phase I clinical trials: a survey study.BMC medical ethics · 2026Article
- The ethical permissibility of financial incentives.Medicine, health care, and philosophy · 2026Article
- "Cold Hard Cash": The Value of Direct Unconditional Compensation for People With Lived Expertise of Homelessness.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- The lived-experiences and recommendations of older Black Canadians regarding community-based fall prevention exercise programs: a qualitative study.The Gerontologist · 2026Article
- Using group concept mapping to co-create a research agenda with the homeless community in Rhode Island.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Article
- "That Little Bit of Comfort Helps": Perspectives on Ethical Research Compensation Practices for HIV Prevention Research in the Carceral Setting From Those Experiencing Incarceration.Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care · 2026Article
- Article
- Letter to the editor.Canadian oncology nursing journal = Revue canadienne de nursing oncologique · 2026Article
- Investigating the role of perceived autonomy support in moderating the association between diabetes stigma and psychological and diabetes self-management outcomes among adults with type 2 diabetes in Ghana.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Conflicting perspectives on what constitutes fair compensation and benefits among research stakeholders in Malawi.BMC medical ethics · 2025Article
- Contemporary human rights violations in female sterilization care: legal and ethical considerations when coerced patients do consent.Monash bioethics review · 2025Article
- Development of a Novel Web-Based Intervention Targeting Pain-Related Outcomes in Individuals With Chronic Orofacial Pain: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Real ethics has dirty feet - data collector perspectives on risk exposure during data collection in conflict-affected Eastern DRC.Conflict and health · 2025Article
- Evidence for College Students' Decreasing Sense of Belonging over Time: Direct and Moderated Results.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Managing online learning burnout via investigating the role of loneliness during COVID-19.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Ethical principles across countries: does 'ethical' mean the same everywhere?Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Does financial compensation matter for research participation in prevention trials in Tanzania? Perspectives of healthy volunteers.PloS one · 2025Article
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Abstract
In contrast to most publications on the ethics of paying research subjects, which start by identifying and analyzing major ethical concerns raised by the practice (in particular, risks of undue inducement and exploitation) and end with a set of-more or less well-justified-ethical recommendations for using payment schemes immune to these problems, this paper offers a systematic, principle-based ethical analysis of the practice. It argues that researchers have a prima facie moral obligation to offer payment to research subjects, which stems from the principle of social beneficence. This principle constitutes an ethical "spine" of the practice. Other ethical principles of research ethics (respect for autonomy, individual beneficence, and justice/fairness) make up an ethical "skeleton" of morally sound payment schemes by providing additional moral reasons for offering participants (1) recompense for reasonable expenses; and (2a) remuneration conceptualized as a reward for their valuable contribution, provided (i) it meets standards of equality, adequacy and non-exploitation, and (ii) it is not overly attractive (i.e., it does not constitute undue inducement for participation or retention, and does not encourage deceptive behaviors); or (2b) remuneration conceptualized as a market-driven price, provided (i) it is necessary and designed to help the study achieve its social and scientific goals, (ii) it does not reinforce wider social injustices and inequalities; (iii) it meets the requirement of non-exploitation; and (iv) it is not overly attractive. The principle of justice provides a strong ethical reason for not offering recompenses for lost wages (or loss of other reasonably expected profits).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.