Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35606702›Full record

ArticleBMC primary care2022

Parents' experiences caring for children with acute otitis media: a qualitative analysis.

Matthew C Lee, Dio Kavalieratos, Anastasia Alberty, Destin Groff, Mary Ann Haralam, Nader Shaikh

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC primary care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Exploring Parental Experiences of Childhood Ear Health Clinics and Their Acceptability of AI-Based Diagnostic Tools: A Qualitative Study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  4. Trends in the incidence and burden of otitis media in children: a global analysis from 1990 to 2021.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Risk Factors for Otitis Media among Caretakers of Children in Puducherry- A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2024
    Article
  7. New insights into the treatment of acute otitis media.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2023
    Review
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Matthew C LeeDivision of General Academic Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Dio KavalieratosDepartment of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Anastasia AlbertyDivision of General Academic Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Destin GroffDivision of General Academic Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Mary Ann HaralamDivision of General Academic Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Nader ShaikhDivision of General Academic Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. nader.shaikh@chp.edu.
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh · USEmory University · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

Modification of the Acute Otitis Media Severity of Symptoms ScaleU01FD006878 · FDA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI SHAIKH, NADER · 2019 to 2019
$250k
FDA HHS U01 FD006878
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLittle is known regarding parents' experiences caring for children with acute otitis media (AOM). This study aimed to explore parents' experiences caring for their child with AOM, identifying symptoms they observed, their thoughts and feelings about those symptoms, how they managed the episode, and what factors caused them to seek medical evaluation.

methodsFrom October 2019 to February 2020, we conducted 24 semi-structured cross-sectional interviews with parents of children 3 to 36 months of age with AOM diagnosed at primary care offices associated with the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh regarding (1) symptoms and behaviors that led parents to believe their child might have AOM; (2) symptoms that were most bothersome to parent and child; (3) what parents did in response to these symptoms; (4) motivations for seeking clinical care; and (5) parents' expectations regarding AOM resolution. Data were analyzed using template analysis, resulting in a hybrid inductive/deductive analytic process.

resultsWe interviewed 24 parents within 72 h of diagnosis of AOM. Parents frequently believed ear tugging was the symptom most indicative of AOM, despite its presence in only half of the children in this sample. Parents consistently sought medical care when their child had an elevated temperature or lack of sleep, or when symptoms worsened or were unresponsive to home remedies. Parents of children with history of recurrent AOM had less difficulty identifying symptoms of AOM than parents of children with their first ear infection.

conclusionsOur findings provide insight into symptoms of AOM that cause parents concern and motivate the use of healthcare services. Parents differed in their abilities to observe and report symptoms of AOM. Thus, when interviewing parents who are concerned their preverbal child has AOM, rather than focusing on ear tugging and fever alone, providers should ascertain all unusual behaviors observed by the parent.

Indexed as

Otitis MediaAcute DiseaseChildCross-Sectional StudiesFeverHumansParentsAcute Otitis MediaParent PerspectivesQualitative InterviewsSymptom severity

Identifiers

PMID35606702
PMCPMC9128094
OpenAlexW4281384952

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.