ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2022
Delirium and the risk of developing dementia: a cohort study of 12 949 patients.
Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Dissecting the genetic and proteomic risk factors for delirium.Nature aging · 2026Pooled it
- The Italian guideline on diagnosis and treatment of dementia and mild cognitive impairment.Age and ageing · 2024Guideline
- Perioperative sleep optimisation and brain health in older adults (SLEEP-BOOST): protocol for a randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2026Trial
- Delirium in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury and Long-Term Cognitive Decline: A Global Federated Real World Data Analysis.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- From heart to mind: A narrative review of incidence, risk factors, and mechanisms of dementia after cardiac surgery.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Epigenetically driven impairment of BDNF-ARC signaling contributes to circadian and cognitive disarray in a mouse model of postoperative delirium.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Article
- Delirium: a modifiable risk factor for dementia.European geriatric medicine · 2026Review
- Comorbidity sequence, sex, and APOE-genotype forecast Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- From Bench to Bedside: New Frontiers in Understanding and Treating Postoperative Delirium.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Artificial intelligence in drug development for delirium and Alzheimer's disease.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- When There's Smoke, Look for the Fire: The Complex Interplay Between Delirium and Dementia.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- Scoping review exploring the impact of hip fracture in older adults with cognitive impairment or dementia.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Timing of risk factors, prodromal features, and comorbidities of dementia from a large health claims case-control study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- The Relationship between Delirium and Dementia.Seminars in neurology · 2024Review
- Risk of Dementia Diagnosis After Injurious Falls in Older Adults.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Postoperative delirium in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a scoping review.Head & face medicine · 2024Article
- Diffuse optical tomography for mapping cerebral hemodynamics and functional connectivity in delirium.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Incidence and contributing factors of dementia among people living with HIV in British Columbia, Canada, from 2002 to 2016: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDelirium is an important risk factor for subsequent dementia. However, the field lacks large studies with long-term follow-up of delirium in subjects initially free of dementia to clearly establish clinical trajectories.
methodsWe undertook a retrospective cohort study of all patients over the age of 65 diagnosed with an episode of delirium who were initially dementia free at onset of delirium within National Health Service Greater Glasgow & Clyde between 1996 and 2020 using the Safe Haven database. We estimated the cumulative incidence of dementia accounting for the competing risk of death without a dementia diagnosis. We modelled the effects of age at delirium diagnosis, sex and socioeconomic deprivation on the cause-specific hazard of dementia via cox regression.
results12 949 patients with an incident episode of delirium were included and followed up for an average of 741 days. The estimated cumulative incidence of dementia was 31% by 5 years. The estimated cumulative incidence of the competing risk of death without dementia was 49.2% by 5 years. The cause-specific hazard of dementia was increased with higher levels of deprivation and also with advancing age from 65, plateauing and decreasing from age 90. There did not appear to be a relationship with sex.
conclusionsOur study reinforces the link between delirium and future dementia in a large cohort of patients. It highlights the importance of early recognition of delirium and prevention where possible.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.