Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35604567›Full record

ArticleSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2022

Dietary Inorganic Nitrate as an Ergogenic Aid: An Expert Consensus Derived via the Modified Delphi Technique.

Oliver M Shannon, Jason D Allen, Raul Bescos, Louise Burke, Tom Clifford, Chris Easton, Javier T Gonzalez, Andrew M Jones, Kristin L Jonvik, Filip J Larsen and 6 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readConsensus Statement
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06527248 (Effects of Dietary Nitrate From Beetroot Juice on Vascular Function and Adaptations to Exercise Training in Postmenopausal Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
13.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06527248 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Dietary Nitrate From Beetroot Juice on Vascular Function and Adaptations to Exercise Training in Postmenopausal Women: a Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of ViennaRan2025 to 2027Enrolled54ConditionsHealthy, Menopause, Hypertension, InflammationArmsNitrate group, Placebo group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 15 institutions in 6 countries.

Oliver M ShannonHuman Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK. Oliver.Shannon@Newcastle.ac.uk.
Jason D AllenDepartment of Kinesiology, School of Education and Human Development and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Raul BescosSchool of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, Plymouth Institute of Health and Care Research (PIHR), University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
Louise BurkeMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Tom CliffordSchool of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
Chris EastonInstitute for Clinical Exercise and Health Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Blantyre, UK.
Javier T GonzalezDepartment for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Andrew M JonesSport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK.
Kristin L JonvikDepartment of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Filip J LarsenDepartment of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Åstrand Laboratory, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
Peter PeelingSchool of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
Barbora PiknovaMolecular Medicine Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mario SiervoSchool of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
Anni VanhataloSport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK.
Kerry McGawley *Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
Simone Porcelli *Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
University of Exeter · GBAustralian Catholic University · AULoughborough University · GBMid Sweden University · SENational Institutes of Health · USNewcastle University · GBNorwegian School of Sport Sciences · NOSwedish School of Sport and Health Sciences · SEUniversity of Bath · GBUniversity of Nottingham · GBUniversity of Pavia · ITUniversity of Plymouth · GBUniversity of the West of Scotland · GBUniversity of Virginia · USUniversity of Western Australia · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDietary inorganic nitrate is a popular nutritional supplement, which increases nitric oxide bioavailability and may improve exercise performance. Despite over a decade of research into the effects of dietary nitrate supplementation during exercise there is currently no expert consensus on how, when and for whom this compound could be recommended as an ergogenic aid. Moreover, there is no consensus on the safe administration of dietary nitrate as an ergogenic aid. This study aimed to address these research gaps.

methodsThe modified Delphi technique was used to establish the views of 12 expert panel members on the use of dietary nitrate as an ergogenic aid. Over three iterative rounds (two via questionnaire and one via videoconferencing), the expert panel members voted on 222 statements relating to dietary nitrate as an ergogenic aid. Consensus was reached when > 80% of the panel provided the same answer (i.e. yes or no). Statements for which > 80% of the panel cast a vote of insufficient evidence were categorised as such and removed from further voting. These statements were subsequently used to identify directions for future research.

resultsThe 12 panel members contributed to voting in all three rounds. A total of 39 statements (17.6%) reached consensus across the three rounds (20 yes, 19 no). In round one, 21 statements reached consensus (11 yes, 10 no). In round two, seven further statements reached consensus (4 yes, 3 no). In round three, an additional 11 statements reached consensus (5 yes, 6 no). The panel agreed that there was insufficient evidence for 134 (60.4%) of the statements, and were unable to agree on the outcome of the remaining statements.

conclusionsThis study provides information on the current expert consensus on dietary nitrate, which may be of value to athletes, coaches, practitioners and researchers. The effects of dietary nitrate appear to be diminished in individuals with a higher aerobic fitness (peak oxygen consumption [V̇O

Indexed as

Performance-Enhancing SubstancesConsensusDelphi TechniqueDietary SupplementsHumansNitratesNitratesPerformance-Enhancing Substances

Identifiers

PMID35604567
PMCPMC9474378
OpenAlexW4281384832

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.