ArticleThe Journal of manual & manipulative therapy2023
Variations of spinous and transverse process length in the human lumbar spine.
Article in The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundSome manual therapy schools of thought rely on palpation of vertebral position via bony processes prior to the application of directional manual interventions. It is feasible that malformation or asymmetry of the spinous processes (SPs) or transverse processes (TPs), if unknown, may influence the outcome of a diagnostic palpatory exam and the application of directional manual interventions. This study provides morphometric data for the lumbar spine, to assess the occurrence of length differences in lumbar SPs and TPs occurring between the right and left sides.
methodsThe lumbar processes were measured bilaterally in 16 adult cadaveric specimens, 9 females and 7 males ranging in age from 68 to 89 years. A measurable difference in SP length, defined as ≥ 0.1 cm, was found in 72.4% of the population, and for TP lengthin 90.6% of the population. A mean SP length difference of 0.2 ± 0.2 cm and a mean TP length difference of 0.4 ± 0.3 cm were observed. Process length was longer on average for males, and the magnitude of process length difference increased with age.
conclusionThese results indicate that a finding of a clinical positional fault of a vertebra through palpatory exam may be flawed.
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