ArticleInternational wound journal2023
Macrophages of the M1 and M2 types play a role in keloids pathogenesis.
Article in International wound journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deciphering the cellular landscape of pathological scars.Burns & trauma · 2026Article
- A panoramic analysis of keloid pathogenesis: multidimensional network regulation of genetics-immunity-metabolism-mechanical force.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting macrophage function with botulinum toxin: a novel translational strategy for preventing and treating pathological scars.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2026Review
- The Complex Epidermal and Dermal Milieu of M2 Macrophages/IL-31/IL-31RA Network May Play a Role in Keloid Associated Pruritus.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- RETRACTION: Macrophages of the M1 and M2 Types Play a Role in Keloids Pathogenesis.International wound journal · 2025Article
- LangerinClinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Review
- Macrophage Polarization: A Novel Target and Strategy for Pathological Scarring.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2024Review
- An update to experimental and clinical aspects of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer development: hopes and pitfalls.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Visualization of the relationship between macrophage and wound healing from the perspective of bibliometric analysis.International wound journal · 2024Article
- Analysis of subsets and localization of macrophages in skin lesions and peripheral blood of patients with keloids.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Macrophages of the M1 and M2 types play a role in keloids pathogenesis.International wound journal · 2023Article
- An updated review of the immunological mechanisms of keloid scars.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The Role of CD28 and CD8International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- High M2/M1 Macrophage Ratio Observed in Nasal Polyps Formed in Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pathophysiology of keloid formation is unknown, however, macrophages are thought to play a role in keloid formation. Understanding the mechanism(s) of keloid development might be crucial in developing a new treatment regimen for keloids. The aim of this study was to understand possible status of M1 and M2 type macrophages in the pathogenesis of keloid. Thirty cases of Keloid tissues were selected according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as 30 normal scars, were enrolled in our study as a control group. An excisional biopsy was harvested and ELISA was done on keloid tissue and normal scar samples, with CD68, the surface marker for M1 and CD163 representing M2. The results revealed the low expression of M1 (CD68) in keloid tissue meanwhile high levels of M1 were detected in normal scars. We also detected that higher tissue expression of M2 (CD163) was significantly associated with keloid cases when compared to low M2 expression in the control group. An important finding that was discovered during our study is that the M1 and M2 are significant predictors of keloid. Every increase of 1 ng/mL in M1 decreases the risk of keloid by 0.99 while every increase of one unit in M2 increases the risk of keloid by 2.01. This study concluded that the keloid formation could be a result of an abnormal response to tissue injury where there is an excessive entry of inflammatory cells into the wound, including macrophages and that the keloid incidence might be related to a decrease in M1 and an increase in M2.
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