ArticleJournal of medical virology2022
The modified COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale (C19-YRSm) patient-reported outcome measure for Long Covid or Post-COVID-19 syndrome.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06054438 (Examining the Immunomodulatory and Health Improving Function of a Chinese Medicine Nutritional Supplement Cs4 on Immunity-related Disorders in the Post-COVID Era), which is not on this map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Examining the Immunomodulatory and Health Improving Function of a Chinese Medicine Nutritional Supplement Cs4 on Immunity-related Disorders in the Post-COVID Era
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patient-reported outcome measures for post-COVID-19 condition: a systematic review of instruments and measurement properties.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of normobaric and hyperbaric hyperoxia treatment on symptoms and cognitive capacities in Long COVID patients: a randomised placebo-controlled, prospective, double-blind trial.Diving and hyperbaric medicine · 2025Trial
- Psychometric evaluation of the Symptoms of Infection with Coronavirus-19 (SIC): results from a cross-sectional study and a phase 3 clinical trial.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2023Trial
- Battling the Bots and Defending Against Fraudulent Responses in an International Community-Engaged Web-Based Survey With People Living With Long COVID: Methodological Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Impact of long COVID on diverse Australian populations: a multi-site, longitudinal prospective cohort study protocol.BMJ open · 2026Article
- A longitudinal evaluation of the community-based rehabilitation support programme for Post-COVID-19 condition in Hong Kong.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Testing a Personalised Dysautonomia Management Protocol in Patients with Orthostatic Intolerance and a Diagnosis of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome or Long COVID.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Rehabilitation status and preference for medical choice behaviours of long COVID-19 in China: a national cross-sectional study and discrete choice experiment.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- The role of rehabilitation in Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) recovery: An effectiveness study.The British journal of occupational therapy · 2026Article
- Long-term outcomes following a pulmonary telerehabilitation trial for people with respiratory post-acute sequelae of COVID: a 12-month follow-up study.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluation of a multidisciplinary neurological rehabilitation program for the post-COVID-19 condition.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Large-Scale Psychometric Assessment and Validation of the Modified COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale Patient-Reported Outcome Measure for Long COVID or Post-COVID Syndrome.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Health economic outcomes and national economic impacts associated with Long COVID in England and Scotland.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026Article
- Article
- Trajectory, healthcare utilisation and recovery in 3590 individuals with long covid: a 4-year prospective cohort analysis.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Rethinking measurement of health outcomes in Long COVID: complexities, challenges and considerations.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Article
- Disrupted fluid homeostasis in patients with post-Covid-19 syndrome - a case series.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Neuropeptide and cytokines expression in long COVID-19 related neuropsychological sequelae: insights into NK1R-mediated neuroinflammation andFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Rasch analysis of the self-reported PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales by Australian children.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2025Article
- Take charge after long COVID: a mixed methods randomised controlled pilot study protocol.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe C19-YRS is the literature's first condition-specific, validated scale for patient assessment and monitoring in Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). The 22-item scale's subscales (scores) are symptom severity (0-100), functional disability (0-50), additional symptoms (0-60), and overall health (0-10).
objectivesThis study aimed to test the scale's psychometric properties using Rasch analysis and modify the scale based on analysis findings, emerging information on essential PCS symptoms, and feedback from a working group of patients and professionals.
methodsData from 370 PCS patients were assessed using a Rasch Measurement Theory framework to test model fit, local dependency, response category functioning, differential item functioning, targeting, reliability, and unidimensionality. The working group undertook iterative changes to the scale based on the psychometric results and including essential symptoms.
resultsSymptom severity and functional disability subscales showed good targeting and reliability. Post hoc rescoring suggested that a 4-point response category structure would be more appropriate than an 11-point response for both subscales. Symptoms with binary responses were placed in the other symptoms subscale. The overall health single-item subscale remained unchanged.
conclusionA 17-item C19-YRSm was developed with subscales (scores): symptom severity (0-30), functional disability (0-15), other symptoms (0-25), and overall health (0-10).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.