Explaining the challenges of the Iranian Health System in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global threat for the general public and health care workers, and it has created major challenges for all healthcare sectors. The challenges created by this disease can vary in different countries depending on cultural, social, and economic factors. The purpose of this study was to explain the challenges of the Iranian health system in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic from the managers' and executive authorities' viewpoints. Methods: The present study was a basic-applied research performed using a qualitative approach. It has studied 30 hospitals and medical centers' managers, deputies of the Ministry of Health, and the universities of medical sciences, which were selected by purposive and snowball sampling with the maximum variety in March-September 2020. Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews and content analysis was used to explain the challenges of the Iranian health system in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic (2020). Results: Most of the interviewees (34%) had a Ph.D. degree, and 40% of the participants were graduated in management and health economy and policymaking fields. Analysis and synthesis of the data collected from the interviews led to the creation of 19 sub-themes and 12 main themes classified into four general scopes: organizational factors, resources, management factors, and other factors. Conclusion: Identifying the mentioned challenges can provide helpful information for the managers and policy-makers to develop appropriate plans, take the necessary measures to resolve the challenges, and use the available resources to provide the most effective services.