ArticleFrontiers in medicine2022
Contrasting Association Between COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Mental Health Status in India and Saudi Arabia-A Preliminary Evidence Collected During the Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on the psychological factors behind vaccine hesitancy in the COVID-19 era.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Perceptions, attitudes, and curriculum reflections: exploring healthcare students' engagement with basic medical sciences in Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The relationship between COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and COVID-19-related parameters with mental health problems: the potential role of behavioral issues.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2026Article
- Assessing the psychological factors associated with vaccine hesitancy: psychometric properties of the psychological factors in healthcare behavior questionnaire (PF-HBQ).Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Persistence of anxiety and depression symptoms and their impact on the COVID-19 vaccine uptake.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on adolescent and youth students' mental health and bullying behaviors after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Hesitancy toward vaccination against COVID-19: A scoping review of prevalence and associated factors in the Arab world.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Public Anxiety, Attitudes, and Practices towards COVID-19 Infection in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Fears and misconceptions toward COVID-19 vaccination among Syrian population: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Vaccine hesitancy is a global public health threat. Understanding the role of psychological factors in vaccine hesitancy is often neglected and relatively less explored. Aim and Objectives: To analyze the relationship between mental health and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy before and after the advent of COVID-19 vaccines (AC19V) in the general population of India and Saudi Arabia (KSA) which vary in severity of the pandemic and vaccine mandates. Materials and Methods: A total of 677 adult participants from India and KSA participated in this cross-sectional online web-based survey. Sociodemographic details and current COVID-19 status pertaining to infection and vaccination were collected. Depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and perceptive need for mental health support (MHS) were assessed before and after AC19V. A newly constructed and validated COVID19 vaccine hesitancy scale-12 (COVID19-VHS12) scale was used to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Results: Prevalence and levels of depression and anxiety symptoms decreased significantly in Saudis but not in Indians after AC19V. PTSD symptoms showed a significant reduction in both India and KSA. Anxiety symptoms were higher in KSA than India before AC19V while PTSD was higher in India before and after AC19V. Except for the place of residence and employment status, the subgroups of sociodemographic variables which were at higher risk of negative mental health before AC19V showed improvement in their mental health after AC19V. The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in India and KSA was 50.8% (95% CI 45.73-55.89%) and 55.7% (95% CI 50.16-61.31%), respectively. A bidirectional association between vaccine hesitancy and mental health was observed in KSA but not in India. Higher vaccine hesitancy favored higher levels of depression, anxiety, and perceptive need for MHS and vice versa in KSA. None of the mental health parameters predicted vaccine hesitancy in India, while higher vaccine hesitancy increased the risk of anxiety. Conclusion: Vaccine hesitancy has a negative impact on mental health and vice versa over and above the impact of sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 vaccination and infection status which shows variations between India and KSA.
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