ArticleFrontiers in virtual reality2022
Measuring Attentional Distraction in Children With ADHD Using Virtual Reality Technology With Eye-Tracking.
Article in Frontiers in virtual reality, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serious gaming and eye-tracking for the screening, monitoring, and diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders in children: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Pooled it
- Early social gaze fixation and later inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms in children: A longitudinal population-based cohort study.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Bouncing back: Transient, but not long-lasting, effects of background disturbances on speech processing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Eye-Tracking-Based Digital Therapeutic for ADHD in Children: Development and Preliminary Evaluation of an Adaptive Learning Guide.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Running virtual reality experiments online: A brief introduction and tutorial.Behavior research methods · 2026Article
- Towards Ecological Validity When Assessing ADHD Symptoms: Patterns in Automatically Collected, Real-World PC Activity Data.International journal of human-computer studies · 2026Article
- Five canonical findings from 30 years of psychological experimentation in virtual reality.Nature human behaviour · 2025Review
- Selective attention and sensitivity to auditory disturbances in a virtually real classroom.eLife · 2025Article
- Exploring Virtual Reality and Exercise Simulator Interventions in Patients With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Comprehensive Literature Review.JMIR serious games · 2025Review
- Applying interpersonal neuroscience for understanding classroom learning in students with ADHD.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- A New Objective Diagnostic Tool for Attention-Deficit Hyper-Activity Disorder (ADHD): Development of the Distractor-Embedded Auditory Continuous Performance Test.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Lévy Flight Model of Gaze Trajectories to Assist in ADHD Diagnoses.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Current virtual reality-based rehabilitation interventions in neuro-developmental disorders at developmental ages.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Review
- Digital assessments for children and adolescents with ADHD: a scoping review.Frontiers in digital health · 2024Article
- Exploring cross-cultural variations in visual attention patterns inside and outside national borders using immersive virtual reality.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Immersive Experience and Climate Change Monitoring in Digital Landscapes: Evidence from Somatosensory Sense and Comfort.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- A virtual reality program to assess cognitive function in multiple sclerosis: A pilot study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Virtual reality set-up for studying vestibular function during head impulse test.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Eye movement behavior in a real-world virtual reality task reveals ADHD in children.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Enhancing the Sense of Attention from an Assistance Mobile Robot by Improving Eye-Gaze Contact from Its Iconic Face Displayed on a Flat Screen.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Objective: Distractions inordinately impair attention in children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) but examining this behavior under real-life conditions poses a challenge for researchers and clinicians. Virtual reality (VR) technologies may mitigate the limitations of traditional laboratory methods by providing a more ecologically relevant experience. The use of eye-tracking measures to assess attentional functioning in a VR context in ADHD is novel. In this proof of principle project, we evaluate the temporal dynamics of distraction Method: We recorded continuous eye movements while participants performed math, Stroop, and continuous performance test (CPT) tasks with a series of "real-world" classroom distractors presented. We analyzed the impact of the distractors on rates of on-task performance and on-task, eye-gaze (i.e., looking at a classroom whiteboard) versus off-task eye-gaze (i.e., looking away from the whiteboard). Results: We found that while children did not always look at distractors themselves for long periods of time, the presence of a distractor disrupted on-task gaze at task-relevant whiteboard stimuli and lowered rates of task performance. This suggests that children with attention deficits may have a hard time returning to tasks once those tasks are interrupted, even if the distractor itself does not hold attention. Eye-tracking measures within the VR context can reveal rich information about attentional disruption. Conclusions: Leveraging virtual reality technology in combination with eye-tracking measures is well-suited to advance the understanding of mechanisms underlying attentional impairment in naturalistic settings. Assessment within these immersive and well-controlled simulated environments provides new options for increasing our understanding of distractibility and its potential impact on the development of interventions for children with ADHD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.