ArticleArchives of gynecology and obstetrics2022
Complications and satisfaction in transwomen receiving breast augmentation: short- and long-term outcomes.
Article in Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do hormones and surgery improve the health of adults with gender incongruence? A systematic review of patient reported outcomes.ANZ journal of surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Implementation of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Gender-Affirming Care Worldwide: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Breast implant-associated late hematoma: a narrative review of case reports and case series.Gland surgery · 2026Review
- The Social Role of Plastic Surgery in the LGBTQIA+ Community: A Literature Review.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Review
- Why the "Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2026Article
- Systematic Review of Complication Rates of Gender-affirming Breast Augmentation and Its Closest Analogue: Tuberous Breast Augmentation.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Patient Satisfaction Using BREAST-Q and Breast Implant Illness after Breast Reconstruction in Transwomen.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Feminizing Gender Affirming Breast Surgery: Procedural Outcomes at a Single Academic Institution.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo achieve long-term improvement in health care of transgender women, it is necessary to analyze all aspects of gender-confirming surgery, especially the relation of risks and benefits occurring in these procedures. While there are many studies presenting data on the urologic part of the surgery, there are just few data about complications and satisfaction with breast augmentation.
methodsThis is a retrospective study using parts of the BREAST-Q Augmentation Questionnaire and additional questions for symptoms of capsular contracture and re-operations and analyzing archived patient records of all transwomen which were operated at University Hospital Essen from 2007 to 2020.
results99 of these 159 patients (62%) completed the questionnaire after a median time of 4 years after surgery. Breast augmentation led to re-operations due to complications in 5%. The rate of capsular contracture (Baker Grad III-IV) in this population was 3%. Most patients (75%) rated high scores of satisfaction with outcome (more than 70 points) and denied to have restrictions due to their implants in their everyday life. All patients reported an improvement in their quality of life owing to breast augmentation.
conclusionBreast augmentation by inserting silicon implants is a safe surgical procedure which takes an important part in reducing gender dysphoria.
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Registered trials
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