Trial reportThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2022
Socioeconomic status associates with worse asthma morbidity among Black and Latinx adults.
Trial report in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Socioeconomic status and acculturation as determinants of atopic disease prevalence in United States Latino children.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2026Article
- Structural Inequities and Chronic Disease in Fresno County: A Narrative Review and Multi-sectoral Framework.Cureus · 2026Review
- Childhood Environmental Exposures and Adult Disease.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Review
- Investigating Asthma Disparities in Hispanic Communities Using Machine Learning Algorithms on theHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Child Opportunity Index at birth and asthma with recurrent exacerbations in the US ECHO program.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Association between income, employment status, and asthma outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Sociocultural Stressors and Asthma among Adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Article
- Social Determinants of Health and Allergic Disease Prevalence Among Asian American Children.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with multiple morbidities at 40 years of age: the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort.Cadernos de saude publica · 2025Article
- Advancing equity in allergy and immunology: progress, pitfalls, and the path forward.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Asthma Inception: Epidemiologic Risk Factors and Natural History Across the Life Course.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Review
- The Role of Neighborhood Air Pollution in Disparate Racial and Ethnic Asthma Acute Care Use.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Lower socioeconomic status may help explain racial disparities in asthma and atopic dermatitis prevalence: A mediation analysis.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Asthma morbidity measures across Black ethnic subgroups.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Pharmacoequity in Allergy-Immunology: Disparities in Access to Medications for Allergic Diseases and Proposed Solutions in the United States and Globally.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2024Review
- Smoking, Urban Housing and Work-Aggravated Asthma are Associated with Asthma Severity in a Cross-Sectional Observational Study.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2024Article
- Aging-Related Comorbidity Burden Among Women and Men With or At-Risk for HIV in the US, 2008-2019.JAMA network open · 2023Observational
- Asthma control among treated US asthma patients in Practice Fusion's electronic medical record research database.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2023Article
- New considerations of health disparities within allergy and immunology.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAsthma disproportionately affects African American/Black (AA/B) and Hispanic/Latinx (H/L) patients and individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES), but the relationship between SES and asthma morbidity within these racial/ethnic groups is inadequately understood.
objectiveTo determine the relationship between SES and asthma morbidity among AA/B and H/L adults with moderate to severe asthma using multidomain SES frameworks and mediation analyses.
methodsWe analyzed enrollment data from the PeRson EmPowered Asthma RElief randomized trial, evaluating inhaled corticosteroid supplementation to rescue therapy. We tested for direct and indirect relationships between SES and asthma morbidity using structural equation models. For SES, we used a latent variable defined by poverty, education, and unemployment. For asthma morbidity, we used self-reported asthma exacerbations in the year before enrollment (corticosteroid bursts, emergency room/urgent care visits, or hospitalizations), and Asthma Control Test scores. We tested for mediation via health literacy, perceived stress, and self-reported discrimination. All models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, ethnicity, and comorbidities.
resultsAmong 990 AA/B and H/L adults, low SES (latent variable) was directly associated with hospitalizations (β = 0.24) and worse Asthma Control Test scores (β = 0.20). Stress partially mediated the relationship between SES and increased emergency room/urgent care visits and worse asthma control (β = 0.03 and = 0.05, respectively). Individual SES domains were directly associated with asthma morbidity. Stress mediated indirect associations between low educational attainment and unemployment with worse asthma control (β = 0.05 and = 0.06, respectively).
conclusionsLower SES is directly, and indirectly through stress, associated with asthma morbidity among AA/B and H/L adults. Identification of stressors and relevant management strategies may lessen asthma-related morbidity among these populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.