ArticleThe European respiratory journal2022
Leukotriene receptor antagonists and risk of neuropsychiatric events in children, adolescents and young adults: a self-controlled case series.
Article in The European respiratory journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between leukotriene receptor antagonists and neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Neuropsychiatric events associated with montelukast in patients with asthma: a systematic review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Pooled it
- [Sleep disorders associated with montelukast in children with respiratory allergy].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2026Article
- Montelukast Prescription Prevalence and Impact on Clinical Outcomes Among Patients with Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2026Article
- Comparative Risk for Neuropsychiatric Events in Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist vs. Inhaled Corticosteroid in Children With Asthma: A Nationwide Observational Study With a Complementary Analysis Using Natural Language Processing.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Observational
- Recombinant BCG Expressing IL-12 as A Novel Immunomodulatory Strategy for Allergic Asthma: Opportunities and Challenges.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Linking Lipid Metabolism and Immune Function: New Insights into Chronic Respiratory Diseases.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Review
- Montelukast Use and the Risk of Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events in Children.JAMA pediatrics · 2025Article
- Linking Kawasaki Disease to Mental Health: A Nationwide Study on Long-Term Neurological Risks.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events associated with montelukast use in children and adolescents: a population-based case-crossover study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Article
- New progress in pediatric allergic rhinitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Use of Leukotriene-Receptor Antagonists During Pregnancy and Risk of Neuropsychiatric Events in Offspring.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) of Montelukast in Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLeukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) are widely used for asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR), but concerns about the risk of neuropsychiatric events (NPEs) have been raised since the first Drug Safety Communication by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2008. This study evaluates the association between LTRA use and NPEs in children, adolescents and young adults with asthma or AR.
methodsA self-controlled case series study was conducted using the Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database from two 3-year observation periods (observation period 1 (Obs1): 2005-2007; observation period 2 (Obs2): 2016-2018). Asthma or AR patients aged 3-30 years who were prescribed LTRAs and diagnosed with NPEs were included. The incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for the exposed period and risk periods (1-3, 4-7, 8-14, 15-30, 31-90 and >90 days from initiation of LTRA) compared with unexposed periods were calculated using conditional Poisson regression. Subgroup analysis according to age group, type of NPEs and indication of LTRA was performed.
resultsAmong 17 001 included patients, the risk of NPEs increased in Obs2 (IRR 1.11, 95% CI 1.00-1.22), but did not increase in Obs1. Risk was increased during risk periods 4-7 days (IRR 2.36, 95% CI 1.99-2.76) and 8-14 days (IRR 1.78, 95% CI 1.46-2.15) after initiation of LTRA, particularly in adolescents (IRR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05-1.55) and young adults (IRR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.28), while risk was decreased in children (3-11 years). Risk was not increased for any single type of NPE. AR patients were at increased risk (IRR 1.19, 95% CI 1.01-1.39), but not those with asthma.
conclusionsOverall, risk of NPEs with LTRA use differed between risk periods and subgroups. Physicians should prescribe LTRAs according to indications and inform patients about possible NPEs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.