ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Trans-inclusive Sexual Health Questionnaire to Improve Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Care for Transgender Patients: Anatomic Site-Specific STI Prevalence and Screening.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms, management and prevention of anorectal sexually transmitted infections.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Transgender and gender diverse persons' sexually transmitted infection testing: a mixed methods study to understand primary care providers' training gaps and desires to promote sexual health equity.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Interview strategies for gender-diverse patients: Moving beyond "Men, women, or both?"The Nurse practitioner · 2026Article
- "It's a Big Ordeal": A Mixed Methods Study of the Experiences of non-HIV STI Testing Among Trans and Gender Diverse People.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2025Article
- Exploring Perspectives on HIV Vulnerability Communication among Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients and Primary Care Providers.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Similarities and distinctions in the drug use and sexual behavior of transfeminine and nonbinary adults assigned male at birth in the United States.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2025Article
- Exploring sexual health and risk of sexually transmitted infections among gender diverse individuals.International journal of transgender health · 2024Article
- Bacterial vaginosis testing gaps for transmasculine patients may exacerbate health disparities.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2024Article
- Breaking the Binary: How Clinicians Can Ensure Everyone Receives High Quality Reproductive Health Services.Open access journal of contraception · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn 2018, the municipal Sexual Health Clinic in Seattle, implemented trans-inclusive questions about sexual behavior, anatomy, gender-affirming surgeries, and sexually transmitted infection (STI) symptoms in the clinic's computer-assisted self-interview (CASI) to improve care for transgender and nonbinary (TNB) patients.
methodsWe calculated test positivity, the proportion of TNB patient visits that received testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); syphilis; pharyngeal, rectal, and urogenital gonorrhea (GC); and chlamydia (CT) before (5/2016-12/2018) and after (12/2018-2/2020) implementation of new CASI questions, and the proportion of asymptomatic patients who received anatomic site-specific screening based on reported exposures.
resultsThere were 434 TNB patients with 489 and 337 clinic visits during each period, respectively. Nonbinary patients assigned male at birth (AMAB) had the highest prevalence of GC (10% pharyngeal, 14% rectal, 12% urogenital). Transgender women, transgender men, and nonbinary people AMAB had a high prevalence of rectal CT (10%, 9%, and 13%, respectively) and syphilis (9%, 5%, and 8%). Asymptomatic transgender women, transgender men, and nonbinary patients AMAB were more likely to receive extragenital GC/CT screening compared with nonbinary patients assigned female at birth. After implementation of trans-inclusive questions, there was a 33% increase in the number of annual TNB patient visits but no statistically significant increase in HIV/STI testing among TNB patients.
conclusionsTNB people had a high prevalence of extragenital STIs and syphilis. Implementation of trans-inclusive medical history questions at a clinic that serves cisgender and transgender patients was feasible and important for improving the quality of affirming and inclusive sexual healthcare.
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