ArticleACS pharmacology & translational science2022
Efficacy and Selectivity of Monovalent and Bivalent Vaccination Strategies to Protect against Exposure to Carfentanil, Fentanyl, and Their Mixtures in Rats.
Article in ACS pharmacology & translational science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of ventilatory depression by carfentanil, fentanyl, and heroin, and reversal by opioid receptor antagonists in rats.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- An antifentanyl monoclonal antibody reverses fentanyl-induced apnea in pigs.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Article
- A novel cationic liposome-formulated toll like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist enhances the efficacy of a vaccine against fentanyl toxicity.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Bivalent Hapten Display Strategies for Conjugate Vaccines Targeting Opioid Mixtures Containing Fentanyl.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2025Article
- Two doses of Qβ virus like particle vaccines elicit protective antibodies against heroin and fentanyl.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- The development of opioid vaccines as a novel strategy for the treatment of opioid use disorder and overdose prevention.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Sudden Death Induced by Acute Inhalation of Aerosolized Carfentanil.Archives of clinical and biomedical research · 2025Article
- Structure-Based Engineering of Monoclonal Antibodies for Improved Binding to Counteract the Effects of Fentanyl and Carfentanil.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Multivalent Vaccination Strategies Protect against Exposure to Polydrug Opioid and Stimulant Mixtures in Mice and Rats.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- A TLR7/8 agonist increases efficacy of anti-fentanyl vaccines in rodent and porcine models.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- A lipidated TLR7/8 adjuvant enhances the efficacy of a vaccine against fentanyl in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Catalytic Antibody Blunts Carfentanil-Induced Respiratory Depression.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2023Article
- Advancing humanized monoclonal antibody for counteracting fentanyl toxicity towards clinical development.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Preclinical Efficacy and Selectivity of Vaccines Targeting Fentanyl, Alfentanil, Sufentanil, and Acetylfentanyl in Rats.ACS omega · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Drug-related fatal overdoses have significantly increased in the past decade due to the widespread availability of illicit fentanyl and other potent synthetic opioids such as carfentanil. Deliberate or accidental consumption or exposure to carfentanil, fentanyl, and their mixture induces respiratory depression and bradycardia that can be difficult to reverse with the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. Vaccines offer a promising strategy to reduce the incidence of fatalities associated with fentanyl-related substances, as well as treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). This study reports monovalent and bivalent vaccination strategies that elicit polyclonal antibody responses effective in protecting against the pharmacological actions of carfentanil, fentanyl, or carfentanil/fentanyl mixtures. Rats were prophylactically immunized with individual conjugate vaccines containing either carfentanil- or fentanyl-based haptens, or their combination in bivalent vaccine formulations, and then challenged with carfentanil, fentanyl, or their mixture. First, these studies identified a lead vaccine protective against carfentanil-induced antinociception, respiratory depression, and bradycardia. Then, efficacy against both carfentanil and fentanyl was achieved through bivalent vaccination strategies that combined lead anti-carfentanil and anti-fentanyl vaccines via either heterologous prime/boost or co-administration immunization regimens. These preclinical data support the development of vaccines as a viable strategy to prevent toxicity from exposure to excessive doses of carfentanil, fentanyl, or their mixtures.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.