ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Acutely Inhibiting AQP4 With TGN-020 Improves Functional Outcome by Attenuating Edema and Peri-Infarct Astrogliosis After Cerebral Ischemia.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and preclinical evidence of meningeal immunity and glymphatic pathways in stroke: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Aquaporins in Epileptogenesis-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Targeting Microglial HDAC5 Suppresses NLRP3 Inflammation via NF-κB Deacetylation to Alleviate Ischemic Brain Injury.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Experimental models of cerebral small vessel disease: Physiological constraints, translational challenges and future directions.The Journal of physiology · 2026Review
- Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Aquaporin-4 Modulation in Sepsis: Inhibitors and Facilitators.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- [Total Astragalus saponins reduce astrocyte swelling and AQP4 expression following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation by inhibiting the p38 pathway].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Aquaporin 4 and its isoforms regulation ameliorate AQP4 Mis-localization-induced glymphatic dysfunction in ischemic stroke.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Amelioration of Post-Stroke Edema and Microcirculatory Dysfunction via Targeted AQP4 Inhibition While Preserving the Glymphatic System.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Post-stroke glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic dysfunction: mechanisms, imaging evidence, and translational challenges.Frontiers in stroke · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Hypothermia Alleviates Hydrocephalus and Neurological Dysfunction Post Intraventricular Hemorrhage by Enhancing Drainage of Glymphatic-Meningeal Lymphatic-Deep Cervical Lymphatic System.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis in post-stroke insomnia: a phase-dependent therapeutic framework.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Astrocyte-blood-brain barrier crosstalk in cerebral small vessel disease: linking barrier dysfunction to neurovascular failure.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Cisternal Contrast-Enhanced MRI Reveals Post-Stroke Glymphatic Impairment and Compensatory Metabolic Waste Clearance via Microglia/Macrophages.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Impaired glymphatic system for upper limb motor dysfunction in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- The TREM1-AQP4 axis mediates neuroinflammatory injury and brain edema after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- The brain washing system in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- Pathological changes and aquaporin-4 expression after bevacizumab treatment of traumatic penumbra in the rat brain.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induce Brain Edema Around Intracerebral Hematoma via ERK-Mediated Regulation of MMP9 and AQP4.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Ischemic stroke and intervention strategies based on the timeline of stroke progression: Review and prospects.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Aquaporin-4 in Stroke and Brain Edema-Friend or Foe?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of human death and disability. Brain edema and peri-infarct astrocyte reactivity are crucial pathological changes, both involving aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Studies revealed that acute inhibition of AQP4 after stroke diminishes brain edema, however, its effect on peri-infarct astrocyte reactivity and the subacute outcome is unclear. And if diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) could reflect the AQP4 expression patterns is uncertain. Methods: Rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and allocated randomly to TGN 020-treated and control groups. One day after stroke, brain swelling and lesion volumes of the rats were checked using T2-weighted imaging (T2-WI). Fourteen days after stroke, the rats successively underwent neurological examination, T2-WI and DWI with standard b-values and ultra-high b-values, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated correspondingly. Finally, the rats' brains were acquired and used for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and AQP4 immunoreactive analysis. Results: At 1 day after stroke, the TGN-020-treated animals exhibited reduced brain swelling and lesion volumes compared with those in the control group. At 14 days after stroke, the TGN-020-treated animals showed fewer neurological function deficits and smaller lesion volumes. In the peri-infarct region, the control group showed evident astrogliosis and AQP4 depolarization, which were reduced significantly in the TGN-020 group. In addition, the ultra-high b-values of ADC (ADCuh) in the peri-infarct region of the TGN-020 group was higher than that of the control group. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that peri-infarct AQP4 polarization correlated negatively with astrogliosis extent, and ADCuh correlated positively with AQP4 polarization. Conclusion: We found that acutely inhibiting AQP4 using TGN-020 promoted neurological recovery by diminishing brain edema at the early stage and attenuating peri-infarct astrogliosis and AQP4 depolarization at the subacute stage after stroke. Moreover, ADCuh could reflect the AQP4 polarization.
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