Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35591409›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Predictive Modeling of Compression Strength of Waste PET/SCM Blended Cementitious Grout Using Gene Expression Programming.

Kaffayatullah Khan, Fazal E Jalal, Mudassir Iqbal, Muhammad Imran Khan, Muhammad Nasir Amin, Majdi Adel Al-Faiad

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Recyclable Materials for Ecofriendly Technology.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Kaffayatullah KhanDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University (KFU), Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-7994-4642
Fazal E JalalShanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure, State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Mudassir IqbalShanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure, State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4317-3978
Muhammad Imran KhanDepartment of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-7185-0622
Muhammad Nasir AminDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University (KFU), Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-6524-4389
Majdi Adel Al-FaiadDepartment of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University (KFU), Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-8544-2550
King Faisal University · SAShanghai Jiao Tong University · CNUniversiti Teknologi Petronas · MY

Funding

Deanship of Scientific Research, Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia AN000316
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The central aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) alongside two supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs)—i.e., fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF)—on the 28-day compressive strength (CS28d) of cementitious grouts by using. For the gene expression programming (GEP) approach, a total of 156 samples were prepared in the laboratory using variable percentages of PET and SCM (0−10%, each). To achieve the best hyper parameter setting of the optimized GEP model, 10 trials were undertaken by varying the genetic parameters while observing the models’ performance in terms of statistical indices, i.e., correlation coefficient (R), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), comparison of regression slopes, and predicted to experimental ratios (ρ). Sensitivity analysis and parametric study were performed on the best GEP model (obtained at; chromosomes = 50, head size = 9, and genes = 3) to evaluate the effect of contributing input parameters. The sensitivity analysis showed that: CS7d (30.47%) > CS1d (28.89%) > SCM (18.88%) > Flow (18.53%) > PET (3.23%). The finally selected GEP model exhibited optimal statistical indices (R = 0.977 and 0.975, RMSE = 2.423 and 2.531, MAE = 1.918 and 2.055) for training and validation datasets, respectively. The role of PET/SCM has no negative influence on the CS28d of cementitious grouts, which renders the PET a suitable alternative toward achieving sustainable and green concrete. Hence, the simple mathematical expression of GEP is efficacious, which leads to saving time and reducing labor costs of testing in civil engineering projects.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencecompressive strengthGEPsupplementary cementitious materialswaste PET

Identifiers

PMID35591409
PMCPMC9102582
OpenAlexW4224315596

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.