Trial reportBMC oral health2022
Effectiveness of an online application of the health action process approach (HAPA) theory on oral hygiene intervention in young adults with fixed orthodontic appliances: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC oral health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health action process approach in oral health behaviour: Target interventions, constructs and groups-A systematic review.International journal of dental hygiene · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Application of health action process approach model to promote toothbrushing behavior among Iranian elderly population: a cluster randomized controlled trial.BMC geriatrics · 2025Trial
- Comparing the Efficacy of 2 WeChat Mini Programs in Reducing Nonmarital Heterosexual Contact by Male Factory Workers: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Trial
- The Toothbrushing Boost Toolbox: competence-building behavioral strategies for oral health.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Development and implementation of a HAPA-based exercise rehabilitation program for patients with chronic heart failure.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Application of artificial intelligence in oral health management: challenges and opportunities.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The Effect of Using a Smartphone App on Oral Hygiene and Brushing Training During Fixed Orthodontic Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A mobile-based multidomain lifestyle intervention using Cognitive Evergreenland for older adults with subjective cognitive decline: a feasibility study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Protocol for a randomized controlled trial on the impact of a health action process approach model-based mobile health intervention via WeChat on health behaviors of brucellosis patients.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a healthy diet and physical activity tool based on health action process approach among patients undergone bariatric surgery.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- Explain the behavior change and maintenance in diabetic patients using MTM-HAPA framework.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Article
- Health action process approach: promoting physical activity, and fruit and vegetable intake among Australian adults.Health promotion international · 2023Article
- Theory-based behavioral change interventions to improve periodontal health.Frontiers in oral health · 2023Review
- Construction of a patient health management patient journey map based on health action process approach theory for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Chronic respiratory diseaseReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an online application based on HAPA theory on oral hygiene promotion in young adults with fixed orthodontic appliances.
methodsA WeChat mini-program (called "Clean Teeth") based on HAPA theory was designed beforehand to improve oral-health behaviors and oral hygiene, and 44 participants aged 17-29 with fixed orthodontic appliances were recruited. Participants of the experimental group (n = 22) received the "Clean Teeth" mini-program, in addition to care as usual, and the control group (n = 22) only received routine oral health education. Data were collected during three orthodontic check-ups: baseline (T0), 6 weeks of follow-up (T1), and 12 weeks of follow-up (T2). All participants completed questionnaires assessing oral health behaviors and the psychosocial factors of the HAPA model and accepted the clinical examinations involving the dental plaque index and the gingival bleeding index.
resultsAfter a 12-week intervention, the plaque index and gingival bleeding index in the experimental group were significantly lower than that in the control group. The psycho-social parameters of social effects, expected outcomes, and action control were improved significantly after treatment, among which social effects increased significantly only in the experimental group but not in the control group.
conclusionsThe HAPA theory-based mini-program had positive effects on oral-health behavior promotion and oral hygiene among young adults with fixed orthodontic appliances. Trial registration This study was retrospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, with the number CTR2200056731, dated 12/02/2022. http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx .
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.