ArticleScientific reports2022
Geographic and socioeconomic inequalities in the survival of children under-five in Nigeria.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrated maternal, newborn and child-health strategies and interventions for reducing maternal and child mortality in Nigeria: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Ethnobotanical uses of plants in Nigeria: an analysis of current research trends and patterns.Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Survival analysis of under-five mortality predictors: evidence from the 2011 and 2022/23 mozambique demographic and health surveys.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Household wealth is associated with child stunting but not wasting: Evidence from the 2024 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey.PloS one · 2026Article
- Decomposing the gap in under-five mortality determinants between the low- and high-risk regions of Nigeria.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Rural-urban differentials in women empowerment and experience of under-five mortality among mothers in Nigeria: a Multiple Indicator Survey analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Socio-economic inequalities in malaria prevalence among under-five children in Ghana between 2016 and 2019: a decomposition analysis.Malaria journal · 2025Review
- Prevalence and factors associated with water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities deprivation among children in Nigeria.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Review
- Influence of demographic, socioeconomic and geographical variability on children under-five mortality in The Gambia: an application of survival analysis.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Magnitude and trends in inequalities in healthcare-seeking behavior for pneumonia and mortality rate among under-five children in Bangladesh: Evidence from nationwide cross-sectional survey 2007 to 2017.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Determinants of Under-Five Mortality in Mozambique: Insights From the Demographic and Health Survey 2022/23.Sage open pediatricsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite a substantial decline in child mortality globally, the high rate of under-five mortality in Nigeria is still one of the main public health concerns. This study investigates inequalities in geographic and socioeconomic factors influencing survival time of children under-five in Nigeria. This is a retrospective cross-sectional quantitative study design that used the latest Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (2018). Kaplan-Meier survival estimates, Log-rank test statistics, and the Cox proportional hazards were used to assess the geographic and socioeconomic differences in the survival of children under-five in Nigeria. The Kaplan-Meier survival estimates show most under-five mortality occur within 12 months after birth with the poorest families most at risk of under-five mortality while the richest families are the least affected across the geographic zones and household wealth index quintiles. The Cox proportional hazard regression model results indicate that children born to fathers with no formal education (HR: 1.360; 95% CI 1.133-1.631), primary education (HR: 1.279; 95% CI 1.056-1.550) and secondary education (HR: 1.204; 95% CI 1.020-1.421) had higher risk of under-five mortality compared to children born to fathers with tertiary education. Moreover, under-five mortality was higher in children born to mothers' age ≤ 19 at first birth (HR: 1.144; 95% CI 1.041-1.258). Of the six geopolitical zones, children born to mothers living in the North-West region of Nigeria had 63.4% (HR 1.634; 95% CI 1.238-2.156) higher risk of under-five mortality than children born to mothers in the South West region of Nigeria. There is a need to focus intervention on the critical survival time of 12 months after birth for the under-five mortality reduction. Increased formal education and target interventions in geopolitical zones especially the North West, North East and North Central are vital towards achieving reduction of under-five mortality in Nigeria.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.