ArticleNature communications2022
SARS-CoV-2 infection results in immune responses in the respiratory tract and peripheral blood that suggest mechanisms of disease severity.
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In one paragraph
Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- SARS-Cov-2 vaccination strategies in hospitalized recovered COVID-19 patients: a randomized clinical trial (VATICO Trial).Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Systems serology identifies FcR-related autoantibody signatures and functions for Sjögren's syndrome.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Combating respiratory diseases with mucosal vaccines.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Compartment-specific phase compensation between pulmonary T-Cell immunity and waning systemic responses in BA.5 breakthrough infection.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Current status of intranasal and inhaled COVID-19 vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Building better antibody responses: The interplay of infection, vaccination, and immune imprinting.PNAS nexus · 2026Review
- COVID-19 immunopathological features for the prediction and prevention of future emerging respiratory viral infections.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Occlusion body-incorporated SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD via cypovirus polyhedrin-derived peptide: a novel insect cell-expressed antigen for high-accuracy COVID-19 diagnosis, and humoral immune response and hybrid immunity evaluation.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2026Article
- HLA-B*15:01-positive severe COVID-19 patients lack CD8Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Multimodal profiling reveals tissue-directed signatures of human immune cells altered with age.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of human coronavirus antibody responses in ICU and non-ICU COVID-19 patients reveals IgG3 against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as a key biomarker of disease severity.Journal of medical microbiology · 2025Article
- CoupleVAE: coupled variational autoencoders for predicting perturbational single-cell RNA sequencing data.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Improvement of RBD-FC Immunogenicity by Using Alum-Sodium Alginate Adjuvant Against SARS-COV-2.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Impaired immune responses in the airways are associated with poor outcome in critically ill COVID-19 patients.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- Mucosal Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in the Respiratory Tract.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Measurement of IFN-γ and IL-2 for the assessment of the cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cell and cytokine analyses from bronchoalveolar lavage in non-critical COVID-19 pneumonia.Internal and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- A deficient immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharynx is associated with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Article
- Robust and prototypical immune responses toward COVID-19 vaccine in First Nations peoples are impacted by comorbidities.Nature immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
51 authors at 10 institutions in 4 countries.
Wuji ZhangDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7460-4956
Brendon Y ChuaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
Kevin J SelvaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
Lukasz KedzierskiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
Thomas M AshhurstSydney Cytometry Core Research Facility, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7269-7773
Ebene R HaycroftDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5059-3030
Suzanne K Shoffner-BeckDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0010-6318
Luca HensenDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
David F BoydDepartment of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1383-4939
Fiona JamesDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0469-5666
Effie MouhtourisDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Jason C KwongDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
Kyra Y L ChuaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8826-7137
George DrewettDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Ana CopaescuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Julie E DobsonDepartment of Radiology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Louise C RowntreeDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
Jennifer R HabelDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0380-1527
Lilith F AllenDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
Hui-Fern KoayDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3236-9609
Jessica A NeilDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2824-3701
Matthew J GartnerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
Christina Y LeeDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9393-2178
Patiyan AnderssonMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Sadid F KhanDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Luke BlakewayDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Jessica WisniewskiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9923-6579
James H McMahonDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Erica E VineCentre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-4441-3301
Anthony L CunninghamCentre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6744-5667
Jennifer AudsleyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-6322-3197
Irani ThevarajanDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Torsten SeemannMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia.
Norelle L SherryDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7789-8360
Fatima AmanatDepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8029-8227
Florian KrammerDepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4121-776X
Sarah L LondriganDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0989-4971
Linda M WakimDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1752-9579
Nicholas J C KingSydney Cytometry Core Research Facility, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3877-9772
Dale I GodfreyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3009-5472
Laura K MackayDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8496-6632
Paul G ThomasDepartment of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7955-0256
Suellen NicholsonVictorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-6585-7150
Kelly B ArnoldDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4756-7461
Amy W ChungDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0020-9704
Natasha E HolmesDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Olivia C SmibertDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Jason A Trubiano *Centre for Antibiotic Allergy and Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia. trubianoj@unimelb.edu.au.
Claire L Gordon *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia. claire.gordon@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0001-5172-4728
Thi H O Nguyen *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia. tho.nguyen@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0002-9294-7693
Katherine Kedzierska *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia. kkedz@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0001-6141-335X
The University of Melbourne · AUAustin Health · AUThe University of Sydney · AUMonash University · AUUniversity of Michigan · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital · USThe Royal Melbourne Hospital · AUMonash Medical Centre · AUPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre · AU
Funding
Household Respiratory Virus SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Immunity Sub-Study (HRTS)U01AI144616 · NIAID · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI GORDON, AUBREE L, THOMAS, PAUL G. · 2019 to 2025
$43.7MMICHIGAN MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007863 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI COLLINS, KATHLEEN L. · 1985 to 2024
$38.3MDECODING THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN T CELL RECEPTORS AND PEPTIDE-MHCR01AI136514 · NIAID · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI Paul G. Thomas · 2018 to 2026
$6.9MNIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400008CNIAID NIH HHS R01 AI136514NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI144616NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007863NIH HHS HHSN272201400008C
Abstract
Respiratory tract infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in varying immunopathology underlying COVID-19. We examine cellular, humoral and cytokine responses covering 382 immune components in longitudinal blood and respiratory samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgG, IgA are detected in respiratory tract and blood, however, receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgM and IgG seroconversion is enhanced in respiratory specimens. SARS-CoV-2 neutralization activity in respiratory samples correlates with RBD-specific IgM and IgG levels. Cytokines/chemokines vary between respiratory samples and plasma, indicating that inflammation should be assessed in respiratory specimens to understand immunopathology. IFN-α2 and IL-12p70 in endotracheal aspirate and neutralization in sputum negatively correlate with duration of hospital stay. Diverse immune subsets are detected in respiratory samples, dominated by neutrophils. Importantly, dexamethasone treatment does not affect humoral responses in blood of COVID-19 patients. Our study unveils differential immune responses between respiratory samples and blood, and shows how drug therapy affects immune responses during COVID-19.
Indexed as
COVID-19Antibodies, ViralHumansImmunityImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin MRespiratory SystemSARS-CoV-2Severity of Illness IndexSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAntibodies, ViralImmunoglobulin GImmunoglobulin MSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.