ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2023
Gestational age at birth, chronic conditions and school outcomes: a population-based data linkage study of children born in England.
Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cognitive and academic outcomes of large-for-gestational-age babies born at early term: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Health and Socioeconomic Factors in School Readiness and Achievement Among Children Born Very Preterm.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- School readiness in children with early-onset chronic liver disease: a population-based linked data cohort in England.Archives of disease in childhood · 2026Article
- Local authority variation in school-recorded special educational needs and disability provision in Year 1 among children born in England, 2003-13.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Incidence of developmental disorders and special educational needs and disabilities in children in the UK.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Article
- Association between chronic diseases in childhood and subsequent educational achievement: a Danish register-based cohort study.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of special educational needs and disability provision in English primary schools using administrative health and education data in the ECHILD database.International journal of population data science · 2026Article
- Profiles of developmental disorder and associations with gestational age.Archives of disease in childhood · 2025Article
- Birth weight and school absences and attainment: a longitudinal linked cohort study of compulsory schooling in England.Archives of disease in childhood · 2025Article
- Neurodevelopment at Age 9 Years Among Children Born at 32 to 36 Weeks' Gestation.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Childhood Health and Educational outcomes afteR perinatal Brain injury (CHERuB): protocol for a population-matched cohort study.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Article
- Trends in survival of children with severe congenital heart defects by gestational age at birth: A population-based study using administrative hospital data for England.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2023Article
- Impact of special educational needs provision on hospital utilisation, school attainment and absences for children in English primary schools stratified by gestational age at birth: A target trial emulation study protocol.NIHR open research · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
introductionWe aimed to generate evidence about child development measured through school attainment and provision of special educational needs (SEN) across the spectrum of gestational age, including for children born early term and >41 weeks of gestation, with and without chronic health conditions.
methodsWe used a national linked dataset of hospital and education records of children born in England between 1 September 2004 and 31 August 2005. We evaluated school attainment at Key Stage 1 (KS1; age 7) and Key Stage 2 (KS2; age 11) and any SEN by age 11. We stratified analyses by chronic health conditions up to age 2, and size-for-gestation, and calculated population attributable fractions (PAF).
resultsOf 306 717 children, 5.8% were born <37 weeks gestation and 7.0% had a chronic condition. The percentage of children not achieving the expected level at KS1 increased from 7.6% at 41 weeks, to 50.0% at 24 weeks of gestation. A similar pattern was seen at KS2. SEN ranged from 29.0% at 41 weeks to 82.6% at 24 weeks. Children born early term (37-38 weeks of gestation) had poorer outcomes than those born at 40 weeks; 3.2% of children with SEN were attributable to having a chronic condition compared with 2.0% attributable to preterm birth.
conclusionsChildren born with early identified chronic conditions contribute more to the burden of poor school outcomes than preterm birth. Evaluation is needed of how early health characteristics can be used to improve preparation for education, before and at entry to school.
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