ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2022
An Evaluation of Serum IgE and Th2-Associated Interleukins in Children With Uncomplicated and Complicated Appendicitis.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gene expression patterns associated with influenza A and type I hypersensitivity in childhood appendicitis.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Article
- Serum immunoglobulin A in pediatric appendicitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Characterization of Th2 Serum Immune Response in Acute Appendicitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Impact of preoperative delay on perforation in pediatric appendicitis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Discriminatory Value and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model Based on Serum Cytokines in Pediatric Acute Appendicitis: A Single-Center Experience of 483 Cases.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Compilation of Evidence Supporting the Role of a T Helper 2 Reaction in the Pathogenesis of Acute Appendicitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Associations between Th1-related cytokines and complicated pediatric appendicitis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Flow cytometric characterization of cecal appendix lymphocyte subpopulations in children: a pilot study.Pediatric surgery international · 2023Article
- Eosinophil Granule Proteins Involvement in Acute Appendicitis-An Allergic Disease?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The pathogenesis of appendicitis is not understood completely and establishing a correct diagnosis can be clinically challenging. Previous investigations have shown an association between a T helper cell (Th)2-mediated inflammatory response, for example immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy, and a decreased risk of complicated appendicitis. The present study aimed to evaluate differences in serum concentrations of IgE and Th2-associated interleukins (IL) in children with uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis. Method: A prospective study including children <15 years with appendicitis. Blood samples were collected preoperatively at the time of clinical assessment at the Pediatric Emergency Department and analyzed for concentrations of serum total IgE and IL-4, IL-9, and IL-13. Associations with complicated appendicitis were evaluated through logistic regression adjusting for age, appendicolith, and symptom duration. Results: 138 children with confirmed appendicitis were included. The median age was 10 (IQR 8-12) years, 87 (63%) were boys and 58 (42%) had complicated appendicitis. Children with complicated appendicitis had significantly higher concentrations of IL-9 and IL-13 compared to children with uncomplicated appendicitis. In the univariate logistic regression, high concentrations of IL-13 were associated with an increased risk of complicated appendicitis [OR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01-1.04) Conclusion: High levels of IL-13 seem to be associated with an increased risk of complicated appendicitis. This is incongruent with the hypothesis of an Th1/Th17-driven inflammation in this type of appendicitis.
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