Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35585634›Full record

ArticleArchives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique2022

The long-term impact of immediate verbal feedback of hand hygiene compliance after overt observation sessions, as assessed by continuous closed-circuit television monitoring in an intensive care setting.

Ilana Livshiz-Riven, Hovav Azulay, Leonid Koyfman, Alex Gushanski, Seada Askira, Vered Ischa Abar, Benjamin F Gruenbaum, Evgenia Ivanov, Moti Klein, Asaf Danziger and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Auditor perspectives on barriers to achieving healthcare worker hand hygiene compliance goals.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Ilana Livshiz-RivenQuality Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Hovav AzulayDepartment of Internal Medicine C, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Leonid KoyfmanDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, General Intensive Care Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Alex GushanskiInfection Control Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Seada AskiraInfection Control Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Vered Ischa AbarInfection Control Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Benjamin F GruenbaumDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Evgenia IvanovDepartment of Internal Medicine A, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Moti KleinDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, General Intensive Care Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Asaf DanzigerDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, General Intensive Care Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Ronit NativInfection Control Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Abraham BorerInfection Control Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Tomer Ziv-BaranSchool of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Evgeni BrotfainDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, General Intensive Care Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. bem1975@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1353-9852
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev · ILMayo Clinic in Florida · USTel Aviv University · IL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHand hygiene compliance by health care workers (HCWs) is pivotal in controlling and preventing health care associated infections. The aim of this interventional study is to assess the long-term impact of personal verbal feedback on hand hygiene compliance of HCWs in an intensive care unit (ICU) immediately after overt observation by an infection control nurse.

methodsAn infection control nurse overtly observed HCWs' hand hygiene compliance and immediately gave personal verbal feedback with emphasis on aseptic technique. Overt non-interventional sessions were also performed. We measured compliance rates using covert continuous closed-circuit television (CCTV) monitoring. We compared these rates to previously-published hand hygiene compliance data.

resultsOverall compliance rates in the first (41.5%) and third phases (42%) of the study, before and after the intervention were similar. The two moments that were lowest in the first phase, "before aseptic contact" and "after exposure to body fluids", showed significant improvement, but two moments showed a significant decline in compliance: "before patient contact" and "after contact with patient surrounding". The compliance rates during the intervention phase were 64.8% and 63.8% during the sessions with and without immediate verbal personal feedback, respectively.

conclusionThe overall hand hygiene compliance rate of HCWs did not show an improvement after immediate verbal personal feedback. Covert CCTV observational sessions yielded much lower hand hygiene compliance rates then overt interventional and non-interventional observations. We suggest that a single intervention of personal feedback immediately after an observational session is an ineffective strategy to change habitual practices.

Indexed as

Closed-circuit televisionHand hygieneHealth care associated infectionsHealth care workersIntensive care unit

Identifiers

PMID35585634
PMCPMC9115739
OpenAlexW4280538160

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.