ArticleBMC public health2022
Shifting educational gradients in body mass index trajectories of Indonesians: an age period cohort analysis.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Malnutrition among men in Ghana: socio-demographic factors and rural-urban differences.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Prevalence, time trends and associated factors of adult overweight and obesity in 36 countries in the WHO African region from 2003 to 2022: a study of 54 WHO STEPS surveys representing 156 million adults.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Association of Low Educational Attainment and Higher Colorectal Cancer Risk: Mediatory Effect of Lifestyle-Associated Factors Within Local Context.World journal of oncology · 2025Article
- Application of the health belief model to study weight management behavioral intentions among adults in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The role of education composition in shaping the burden of obesity and diabetes in Indonesia: a microsimulation-based projection study.Population health metrics · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities in overweight and obesity among adults: Results from the Indonesian Food Barometer study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Body Mass Index Asian populations category and stroke and heart disease in the adult population: a longitudinal study of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2007 and 2014.BMC public health · 2023Article
- How do sex-specific BMI trajectories shape diabetes risk? A longitudinal analysis of Indonesian adults.BMJ public health · 2023Article
- Double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among women in low and middle income countries: findings from 52 nationally representative data.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Changing socioeconomic and geographic gradients in cardiovascular disease risk factors among Indians aged 15-49 years - evidence from nationally representative household surveys.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2023Article
- Educational attainment and offspring birth weight: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
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1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundGlobally, the number of obese adults has increased rapidly in many developing countries. The links between increased educational attainment and lower risks of overweight/obesity have been studied in a number of high-income contexts. However, educational attainment can have a different association with obesity at different levels of economic development and different stages of the nutritional transition, and these associations may vary by period and cohort. This study aims to provide evidence on the shifting of educational gradients in overweight/obesity in Indonesia, a low middle income country.
methodsUsing five waves of Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), this study examines the Body Mass Index (BMI) trajectories of 14,810 individuals from 1993 to 2014. This study analyses how educational gradients in BMI have shifted over time and across cohorts using a hierarchical age-period-cohort (HAPC) model to account for the effects of age and the changes in historical periods (social and environmental contexts).
resultsIn older generations, higher educational attainment is associated with higher BMI, but the gap between educational groups shrinks in more recently-born cohorts. The BMI of lower educational groups is catching up with that of the tertiary educated, leading to an increased risk of overweight/obesity among low educated individuals. Having tertiary education lowers the risk of weight gain (-0.04 point) among recently-born cohort of women, but it still increases the risk (+ 0.04 point) for men.
conclusionChanges in access to education and the ongoing nutritional transition in Indonesia are leading to a shifting of educational gradients in overweight/obesity over time. The rising trends in BMI among low-educated and younger individuals are of substantial concern for Indonesian public health due to their implications for the risk of communicable and non-communicable diseases in the future.
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