Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35585063›Full record

ArticleNature communications2022

Singlet and triplet to doublet energy transfer: improving organic light-emitting diodes with radicals.

Feng Li, Alexander J Gillett, Qinying Gu, Junshuai Ding, Zhangwu Chen, Timothy J H Hele, William K Myers, Richard H Friend, Emrys W Evans

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. 1,4-Dihydropyrrolo[3,2-Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry · 2026
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  4. Spin-Correlated Luminescence of Mechanically Generated Radical Species.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Feng Li *State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Avenue 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-3709
Alexander J Gillett *Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7572-7333
Qinying GuCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
Junshuai DingState Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Avenue 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
Zhangwu ChenState Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Avenue 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
Timothy J H HeleDepartment of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Building, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-3825
William K MyersCentre for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance (CAESR), Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5935-9112
Richard H FriendCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK. rhf10@cam.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6565-6308
Emrys W EvansCavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK. emrys.evans@swansea.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-3938

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 51925303 and 91833304RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/L011972/1RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/M01083X/1 and EP/M005143/1Royal Society URF\R1\201300Royal Society URF\R1\201502Simons Foundation 601946
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) must be engineered to circumvent the efficiency limit imposed by the 3:1 ratio of triplet to singlet exciton formation following electron-hole capture. Here we show the spin nature of luminescent radicals such as TTM-3PCz allows direct energy harvesting from both singlet and triplet excitons through energy transfer, with subsequent rapid and efficient light emission from the doublet excitons. This is demonstrated with a model Thermally-Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) organic semiconductor, 4CzIPN, where reverse intersystem crossing from triplets is characteristically slow (50% emission by 1 µs). The radical:TADF combination shows much faster emission via the doublet channel (80% emission by 100 ns) than the comparable TADF-only system, and sustains higher electroluminescent efficiency with increasing current density than a radical-only device. By unlocking energy transfer channels between singlet, triplet and doublet excitons, further technology opportunities are enabled for optoelectronics using organic radicals.

Identifiers

PMID35585063
PMCPMC9117228

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.