ArticleBMJ open2022
Prevalence, geographical distribution and factors associated with pentavalent vaccine zero dose status among children in Sindh, Pakistan: analysis of data from the 2017 and 2018 birth cohorts enrolled in the provincial electronic immunisation registry.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Targeted assessment of prevalence of zero-dose and under-immunised children in Bangladesh.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- The Immunization Agenda 2030 Strategy to reach zero-dose children in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Article
- Coverage, timeliness of measles immunisation and its predictors in Pakistan: an analysis of 6.2 million children enrolled in the Provincial Electronic Immunisation Registry.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Evaluating the "Zindagi Mehfooz" Electronic Immunization Registry and Suite of Digital Health Interventions to Improve the Coverage and Timeliness of Immunization Services in Sindh, Pakistan: Mixed Methods Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Evaluating an immunization carpool service for women in rural areas for facilitating routine childhood immunizations in Pakistan -a feasibility study on acceptability, demand, and implementation.Journal of transport & health · 2024Article
- Patterns of basic pneumococcal conjugated vaccine coverage in Ethiopia from 2015 to 2018; further analysis of Ethiopian DHS (2016-2019).Vaccine: X · 2024Review
- Pandemic disruptions in vaccine uptake in a low-income setting: a qualitative inquiry.BMC proceedings · 2023Article
- Article
- Patterns in the Prevalence of Unvaccinated Children Across 36 States and Union Territories in India, 1993-2021.JAMA network open · 2023Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesTo estimate the prevalence of zero dose children (who have not received any dose of pentavalent (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, DESIGN AND
participantsWe conducted a descriptive analysis of child-level longitudinal immunisation records of 1 467 975 0-23 months children from the Sindh's Zindagi Mehfooz (Safe Life) Electronic Immunisation Registry (ZM-EIR), for the birth cohorts of 2017 and 2018.
settingSindh province, Pakistan which has a population of 47.9 million people and an annual birth cohort of 1.7 million. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was zero dose status among enrolled children. Logistic regression was performed to identify the risk factors associated with the zero dose status.
resultsOut of 1 467 975 children enrolled in the ZM-EIR in Sindh, 10.6% (154 881/1 467 975) were zero dose. There were sharp inequities across the 27 districts. Zero dose children had a lower proportion of hospital births (28.5% vs 34.0%; difference 5.5 percentage points (pp) (95% CI 5.26 to 5.74); p<0.001) and higher prevalence from slums (49.5% vs 42.3%; difference 7.2 pp (95% CI 6.93 to 7.46); p<0.001), compared with non-zero dose children. Children residing in urban compared with rural areas were at a higher risk (relative risk (RR): 1.20; p<0.001; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.22), while children with educated compared with uneducated mothers were at a lower risk of being zero dose (RR: 0.47-0.96; p<0.001; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.98).
conclusionsDespite interacting with the immunisation system, 1 out of 10 children enrolled in the ZM-EIR in Sindh were zero dose. It is crucial to monitor the prevalence of zero dose children and investigate their characteristics and risk factors to effectively reach and follow-up with them.
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