Trial reportRevista do Colegio Brasileiro de Cirurgioes2022
Virtual Reality as a distraction therapy during cystoscopy: a clinical trial.
Trial report in Revista do Colegio Brasileiro de Cirurgioes, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distraction Therapies for Office-Based Otolaryngology Procedures Performed on the Upper Airway.Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Visual extended reality tools in image-guided surgery in urology: a systematic review.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of virtual reality for pain relief in medical procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of pre-procedural video education and intra-procedural virtual reality on anxiety and pain during flexible cystoscopy: a randomized controlled trial.BMC urology · 2026Trial
- HypnoVR®in minimally invasive surgical techniques (MISTs) for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS): a safe, sedation-reducing tool improving patient experience.The Canadian journal of urology · 2026Article
- A Randomized Study of a Comfort-Oriented Daytime Double-J Stent Removal Protocol: Effects on Pain, Anxiety, and Patient Satisfaction.Urology research & practice · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the effect of virtual reality hypnosis on pain through attentional diversion during prostate biopsies under local anesthesia (HYPNOSURG-VR): a study protocol.International journal of surgery protocols · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of virtual reality to manage pain and anxiety in patients undergoing cystoscopy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Asian journal of urology · 2025Review
- Current Clinical and Educational Uses of Immersive Reality in Anesthesia: Narrative Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Review
- Virtual Reality as a Nonpharmacological Tool for Acute Pain Management: A Scoping Review.Innovations in clinical neuroscienceReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesto investigate whether virtual reality (VR) experience is associated with decreased pain sensation among patients who undergo rigid cystoscopy under local anesthesia.
methodswe performed a prospective, randomized, controlled study of 159 patients who were aleatorily enrolled into two groups: VR and control. VR experience intervention consisted of using a headset with a smartphone adapted to a virtual reality glasses where an app-video was played during the procedure. Main outcomes analyzed were pain, discomfort, heart rate variability, difficulty and duration of the cystoscopy. Statistical analyses were performed using a Student's t test, Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test. A P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
resultsamong 159 patients studied (VR group=80 patients; control group=79 patients), the mean age was 63,6 years and 107 (67,3%) were male. There was no statistically significant difference in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups. VR was significantly associated to decreased heart rate variability (6,29 vs 11,09 bpm, P<0,001) and lower duration of the procedure (5,33 vs 8,65 min, P<0,001). Also, when cystoscopies due to double-J extraction were excluded, VR experience was associated with reduced pain on the visual analog score of pain (3,26 vs 4,33 cm, P=0,023).
conclusionsthe use of VR as a distraction therapy while performing outpatient cystoscopies is safe, has no side effects, is associated with less pain and discomfort, and reduces length of procedure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.