ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2022
Overcoming a 'forbidden phenotype': the parrot's head supports, propels and powers tripedal locomotion.
Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Variation in parrot jaw musculature.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2026Article
- Fit for purpose? Analysis of the relationship between skull, beak shape and feeding ecology in Psittaciformes.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Beakiation: how a novel parrot gait expands the locomotor repertoire of living birds.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- The dual function of prokinesis in the feeding and locomotor systems of parrots.The Journal of experimental biology · 2023Article
- Article
- The neck as a keystone structure in avian macroevolution and mosaicism.BMC biology · 2023Article
- A functional framework for interpreting phalangeal form.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2023Article
- Tail feather strength in tail-assisted climbing birds is achieved through geometric, not material change.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Emerging biological insights enabled by high-resolution 3D motion data: promises, perspectives and pitfalls.The Journal of experimental biology · 2023Article
- Pump the brakes! The hindlimbs of three-toed sloths decelerate and support suspensory locomotion.The Journal of experimental biology · 2023Article
- Positional Behavior of Introduced Monk Parakeets (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Overcoming a 'forbidden phenotype': the parrot's head supports, propels and powers tripedal locomotion.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
No vertebrate, living or extinct, is known to have possessed an odd number of limbs. Despite this 'forbidden phenotype', gaits that use odd numbers of limbs (e.g. tripedalism or pentapedalism) have evolved in both avian and mammalian lineages. Tripedal locomotion is commonly employed by parrots during climbing, who use their beaks as an additional support. However, it is unclear whether the beak functions simply as a stabilizing hook, or as a propulsive limb. Here, we present data on kinetics of tripedal climbing in six rosy-faced lovebirds (
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