ReviewCancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.)2020
Resistance to cancer immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Review in Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrating clinical trial landscapes and bibliometric analysis: unveiling the impact of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors on renal cell carcinoma research and therapeutic trajectories summary.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Metabolic reprogramming-mediated therapeutic resistance in renal cell carcinoma: Mechanisms and targeted intervention strategies.iScience · 2026Review
- A 73-Year-Old Man With a Late Isolated Brain Metastasis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Following a Durable Complete Response to Lenvatinib-Pembrolizumab, Resulting in Deferred Cytoreductive Nephrectomy.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Lactate-Driven IL8+ Tumor-Associated Macrophages Mediate Immunosuppression and Resistance to Immunotherapy in Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- A lactylation-related gene signature predicts prognosis and immunotherapy response in clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on machine learning and multi-omics analysis.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Linavonkibart and pembrolizumab in immune checkpoint blockade-resistant advanced solid tumors: a phase 1 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Advances in immunotherapy for renal cell carcinoma: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Spatial atlasing of N-glycosylation in healthy control and clear cell renal cell carcinoma tissues linked with immune checkpoint inhibition response by MALDI mass spectrometry imaging.Analytica chimica acta · 2025Article
- A Review of Immunotherapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current Landscape and Future Directions.Cancers · 2025Review
- Loss of VHL-mediated pRb regulation promotes clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Acquired resistance to immune checkpoint therapy is caused by glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B signal cascade.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Advances in immunotherapy and targeted therapy for advanced clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: current strategies and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Understanding and overcoming resistance to immunotherapy in genitourinary cancers.Cancer biology & therapy · 2024Review
- Prognostic value of B7-H3 expression in metastatic renal cell carcinoma and its impact on immunotherapy response.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy of Clear-Cell Renal-Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2024Review
- Tumor microenvironment and clinical efficacy of first line immunotherapy-based combinations in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Article
- Established and emerging biomarkers of immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma.Immunotherapy · 2024Review
- Kidney Cancer Integrative Oncology: Possible Options for Care.Current oncology reports · 2023Review
- Immune checkpoint receptor VISTA on immune cells is associated with expression of T-cell exhaustion marker TOX and worse prognosis in renal cell carcinoma with venous tumor thrombus.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- A cisplatin conjugate with tumor cell specificity exhibits antitumor effects in renal cancer models.BMC cancer · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The prognosis of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) has changed dramatically over the years with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) used alone, or in combination with another ICI, or with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Although major response rates have been observed with ICI, many patients do not respond, reflecting primary resistance, and durable responses remain exceptional, reflecting secondary resistance. Factors contributing to primary and acquired resistance are manifold, including patient-intrinsic factors, tumor cell-intrinsic factors and factors associated with the tumoral microenvironment (TME). While some mechanisms of resistance are common to several tumor types, others are specific to mccRCC. Predictive biomarkers and alternative strategies are needed to overcome this resistance. This review provides an overview of the major ICI resistance mechanisms, highlights the potential of the TME to induce resistance to ICI, and discusses the predictive biomarkers available to guide therapeutic choice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.