ReviewCancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.)2019
Drug resistance in cancer immunotherapy: new strategies to improve checkpoint inhibitor therapies.
Review in Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Repurposing Itraconazole in Combination with Chemotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor for Cancer.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Understanding the Tumor Microenvironmental Mechanisms Driving Immunotherapy Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Colonizable probioticFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Dysregulated Signalling Pathways Driving Anticancer Drug Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Induces A375 Melanoma Cell Apoptosis Through Overactivation of the Unfolded Protein Response.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Molecular and cellular paradigms of multidrug resistance in cancer.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Review
- Immunotherapy as a Therapeutic Strategy for Gastrointestinal Cancer-Current Treatment Options and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- PD-1/PD-L1, MDSC Pathways, and Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Multifunctional Nanoplatforms as a Novel Effective Approach in Photodynamic Therapy and Chemotherapy, to Overcome Multidrug Resistance in Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, a novel strategy for targeting metastatic colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.Oncology letters · 2022Article
- Review
- Review
- The Resistance Mechanisms of Checkpoint Inhibitors in Solid Tumors.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- The Effect of Nanosystems on ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters: Understanding the Influence of Nanosystems on Multidrug Resistance Protein-1 and P-glycoprotein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Therapeutic and Systemic Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis for Clinical Management of NSCLC.Cell transplantationReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent advances in pharmacological immune modulation against tumor cells has dramatically changed the paradigm of cancer treatment. Checkpoint inhibitor therapy is a form of cancer immunotherapy already in clinical setting but also under active basic and clinical investigation. Nevertheless, some patients are primary unresponsive or develop ulterior resistance to these family of drugs. This review aims to update the basic molecular mechanism of resistance as well as the current strategies for checkpoint inhibitor selection in order to propose new approaches to individualize the use of these novel therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.