ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022
The assistance gaps in combating COVID-19 in Brazil: for whom, where and when vaccination occurs.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 on the Indigenous Population of Brazil: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Pooled it
- Vaccination Coverage Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Brazil's Indigenous Population.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Unequal access in a universal health system: COVID-19 vaccination and health services utilization among international migrants in Brazil.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Vaccination Coverage Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 in People Living on Quilombos in Brazil and Its Association With the Human Development Index and the Quality of the Health System.Journal of medical virology · 2025Observational
- Evolution of COVID-19 in the State of São Paulo: Analysis of Incidence, Mortality and Lethality from 2020 to 2023.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Findings and outcomes of hospitalized unvaccinated patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: impact of comorbidities on clinical, laboratory, and immunological parameters.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2025Article
- Dynamic clade transitions and the influence of vaccination on the spatiotemporal circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Multicenter Diagnostic Evaluation of OnSite COVID-19 Rapid Test (CTK Biotech) among Symptomatic Individuals in Brazil and the United Kingdom.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- A review of ancestrality and admixture in Latin America and the caribbean focusing on native American and African descendant populations.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Review
- Examining the Impacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Mitigation Policies on Health Outcomes of Older Adults: Lessons Learned From Six High-Income or Middle-Income Countries.The Public policy and aging report · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFollowing the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of infected Brazilian people has increased dramatically since February 2020, with Brazil being amongst the countries with the highest number of cases and deaths. Brazilian vaccination began in January 2021, aimed at priority groups. This study analysed the spatial and temporal evolution of vaccination in Brazil between the 3rd and 21st epidemiological weeks (EW) of 2021.
methodsSpatial and temporal analyses were performed comprising 19 EW. Cases were structured into priority groups-elderly population (EP); healthcare workers (HW); indigenous and quilombola populations (I/Q), dose, vaccine (CoronaVac or AstraZeneca), and place of vaccination. A sweep test was performed to identify vaccination rate clusters. Vaccination rates (VR) were calculated according to a spatial window for each Health Region, indicating clusters above/below expected VR. Based on the discrete Poisson probability model, spatial analysis was performed to detect high/low VR clusters, which were converted into Kernel maps. Points were generated from SaTScan analyses associated with Health Region centroids. Temporal analysis of VR was carried out to identify significant trends, and results were converted into temporal cluster graphs. P-value ≤ 0.05 was adopted.
resultsSoutheast region concentrated most of the vaccines of EP and HW, followed by the Northeast. The latter region had the largest contingent of I/Q vaccinated. In all priority age groups and all regions, a higher percentage of complete CoronaVac vaccination schedules were observed compared with AstraZeneca. The temporal analysis identified high VR clusters of CoronaVac first and second dose in the early weeks, except for the EP; of AstraZeneca first dose, only for HW in the early weeks, and for EP and I/Q in the final weeks; of AstraZeneca second dose for all priority groups in the final weeks. I/Q populations had the lowest general VR. The spatial profile of VR indicated significant regional cluster differences between the priority groups.
conclusionThis study highlights the importance of establishing vaccination priority groups, considering the asymmetries that a pandemic can trigger, notably in vast geographic areas, to contemplate the main objective of vaccination: to prevent casualties.
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