ArticleBMJ open2022
Indoor solid fuel use for cooking and the risk of incidental non-fatal cardiovascular disease among middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Climate, Air Quality and Their Contribution to Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Global heart · 2025Pooled it
- Solid fuel use and heart disease in middle-aged and older Chinese populations: a prospective cohort study.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2026Article
- Burden of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Asia from 1990 to 2030: A Population-Based Study.Neuroepidemiology · 2026Article
- Household air pollution as a determinant of health status: A study on older adults in Siliguri Municipal Corporation, India.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Household solid fuel use and stroke incidence: Evidence from a national cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe harm of indoor air pollution to health has gradually attracted attention, but the effect of indoor air pollution from burning solid fuels on incidental non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not well understood. Under these circumstances, this study examined the association between solid fuel use and incidental non-fatal CVD.
designThe prospective cohort study was conducted in 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018.
settingThe nationally representative survey was conducted in 28 provinces of China.
participantsThis study included 13 544 middle-aged and elderly adults without CVD in the baseline survey, and they were followed for 7 years. OUTCOME MEASURES: First incidence of non-fatal CVD (heart disease or stroke).
methodsBased on longitudinal data, Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the effects of solid fuel use and persistent use on incidental CVD events.
resultsDuring the 7-year follow-up period, there were 1533 non-fatal CVD cases. A total of 7310 (54%) participants used solid fuel for cooking at the baseline survey, and 2998 (41%) users continued to use solid fuel. Solid fuel use was associated with incidental non-fatal CVD (HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.32) compared with clean fuel, and persistent solid fuel use might lead to a higher risk of incidental non-fatal CVD (HR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.18 to 1.61) and heart disease (HR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.81). In the subgroup analysis, the relationship remained significant in the female, elderly, rural and hypertensive groups. However, we found no significant interaction between these risk factors and fuel use (all p<0.05).
conclusionsThis cohort study provides evidence for the effects of solid fuel use on incidental non-fatal CVD in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. Advocating for the use of clean energy and ventilation stoves is important to cardiovascular health.
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