ArticleTrials2022
Reduced anticoagulation targets in extracorporeal life support (RATE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Article in Trials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04536272 (Reduced Anticoagulation Targets in ECLS), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Reduced Anticoagulation Targets in ECLS (RATE)
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical correlates for major bleeding during veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: a time-dependent perspective.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Anticoagulation Management During ECMO: Narrative Review.JHLT open · 2025Review
- Article
- Decreased bleeding and thrombotic complications on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support following an updated anticoagulation protocol.JTCVS open · 2025Article
- Different low activated clotting time target anticoagulation protocols for patients during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation management: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Optimizing Anticoagulation for Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Finding the Right Balance.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- The interaction of thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage, and platelet transfusion in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a multicenter observational study.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Observational
- Knowledge gaps and research priorities in adult veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a scoping review.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2022Article
- There Will be Blood-But Maybe Less with Prostaglandin EAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 13 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough life-saving in selected patients, ECMO treatment still has high mortality which for a large part is due to treatment-related complications. A feared complication is ischemic stroke for which heparin is routinely administered for which the dosage is usually guided by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). However, there is no relation between aPTT and the rare occurrence of ischemic stroke (1.2%), but there is a relation with the much more frequent occurrence of bleeding complications (55%) and blood transfusion. Both are strongly related to outcome.
methodsWe will conduct a three-arm non-inferiority randomized controlled trial, in adult patients treated with ECMO. Participants will be randomized between heparin administration with a target of 2-2.5 times baseline aPTT, 1.5-2 times baseline aPTT, or low molecular weight heparin guided by weight and renal function. Apart from anticoagulation targets, treatment will be according to standard care. The primary outcome parameter is a combined endpoint consisting of major bleeding including hemorrhagic stroke, severe thromboembolic complications including ischemic stroke, and mortality at 6 months. DISCUSSION: We hypothesize that with lower anticoagulation targets or anticoagulation with LMWH during ECMO therapy, patients will have fewer hemorrhagic complications without an increase in thromboembolic complication or a negative effect on their outcome. If our hypothesis is confirmed, this study could lead to a change in anticoagulation protocols and a better outcome for patients treated with ECMO.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04536272 . Registered on 2 September 2020. Netherlands Trial Register NL7969.
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